Tai chimpanzees change their travel direction for rare feeding trees providing fatty fruits
Tai chimpanzees change their travel direction for rare feeding trees providing fatty fruits
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.05.014
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Janmaat, Karline R. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ban, Simone D.;Boesch, Christophe;Janmaat, Karline R. L.
可食用雨林水果的生产具有波动性和季节性模式的特点，这要求食果动物灵活地调整其范围行为。我们调查了觅食者的旅行方向是否发生了重大变化，可以告诉我们不同食物来源的营养和能量方面对野生动物饮食的重要性。我们在科特迪瓦的TaI国家公园记录了五只成年雌性黑猩猩Pan troglodytes verus的测距模式，总共275天，并设计了两个模型来预测它们在果树上和在通往果树的路上的方向变化。在这两种模式中，方向变化受取食树种的密度和该树种果实的粗脂肪含量的显著影响。雌性黑猩猩更有可能改变它们的旅行方向，寻找更稀有的树木，它们以含有更多脂肪的水果为食。此外，方向的变化往往是积极的影响，在该物种的水果中的非结构（“易能量”）和结构碳水化合物（NDF）的内容。在这两种模型中，我们都没有检测到感官线索或社会因素对方向变化的任何影响。在第二个模型中，可获得的水果数量和自结果季节开始以来的时间对方向变化产生了积极影响，这表明黑猩猩随着时间的推移正在更新他们对单个树木水果可用性的知识。我们的研究结果表明，水果的营养成分和丰富程度对黑猩猩雌性旅行路径的形状产生了显着影响，这为通过分析野生动物的测距模式来研究其食物偏好开辟了一条新的途径。(C)2016动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
The production of edible rainforest fruits is characterized by fluctuating and seasonal patterns that require frugivores to flexibly adjust their ranging behaviour. We investigated whether significant changes in a forager's travel direction can inform us about the importance of the nutritional and energetic aspects of different food sources for a wild animal's diet. We recorded the ranging patterns of five adult female chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes verus, for a total of 275 full days in the TaI National Park in Cote d'Ivoire and designed two models that predicted their directional changes at, and on the way to, fruit -bearing feeding trees. In both models, directional change was significantly influenced by the density of the feeding tree species and the crude fat content of that species' fruit. Female chimpanzees were more likely to change their travel direction for rarer trees, at which they fed on fruits that contained higher amounts of fat. In addition, directional changes tended to be positively influenced by the content of nonstructural ('easy energy') and structural carbohydrates (NDF) in that species' fruit. We did not detect any effect of sensory cues or social factors on the directional changes, in either model. The amount of fruit available and the time since the start of the fruiting season positively influenced directional change in the second model, which suggests that chimpanzees were updating their knowledge of the fruit availability in individual trees over time. Our results indicate that the nutrient content of fruit and its abundance exerted a significant impact on the shape of chimpanzee female travel paths, which opens up a new avenue for investigation of food preferences in wild animals through analyses of their ranging patterns. (C) 2016 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.