Affective decision-making in children prenatally exposed to opioids
Affective decision-making in children prenatally exposed to opioids
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DOI：
10.1111/sjop.12743
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发表时间：
2021-05-26
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Annika, Melinder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carolien, Konijnenberg;Annika, Melinder
尽管阿片类药物维持治疗（OMT）目前被推荐用于阿片类药物依赖的孕妇，但对儿童长期发育的潜在影响在很大程度上仍然未知。目前的研究评估了OMT妇女所生孩子的长期认知发展。特别是，孩子们的决策表现是用爱荷华州赌博任务的儿童友好版本来评估的。采用前瞻性纵向设计，跟踪一组儿童从出生到童年中期。数据于2005年至2017年在挪威收集。参与者包括41名儿童（9-11岁），其中20名有产前美沙酮或丁丙诺啡暴露史。背景数据是从2005-2006年的个人访谈和医疗记录中收集的。2016-2017年对儿童情感决策进行评估。结果显示，组对赌博任务净得分无主影响，F(1,39) = 1.44, p = 0.24, eta(2) = 0.04，说明决策表现无组间差异。实验组的主要影响因素是对惩罚的敏感性，对照组的儿童比OMT组的儿童更常选择惩罚不频繁但高的门，F(1,39) = 4.90, p = 0.03, eta(2) = 0.11。分组对决策速度没有主要影响，但结果显示分组与增益之间存在显著的交互作用，F(1,8,194) = 4.09, p = 0.04, eta(2) = 0.001。发现产前接触阿片类药物的儿童在情感性决策任务中具有正常的决策表现，并且能够在决策时考虑未来的后果。
Although opioid maintenance therapy (OMT) is currently recommended for pregnant opioid-dependent women, potential effects on children's long-term development are still largely unknown. The current study assessed the long-term cognitive development of children born to women in OMT. Particularly, children's decision-making performance was assessed with a child-friendly version of the Iowa Gambling Task.Using a prospective longitudinal design, a cohort of children was followed from birth to middle childhood. Data were collected in Norway between 2005 and 2017. Participants included 41 children (aged 9-11 years), 20 of whom had histories of prenatal methadone or buprenorphine exposure. Background data were collected from personal interviews and medical records in 2005-2006. Children's affective decision-making was assessed in 2016-2017. Results showed no main effect of group on the net scores in the gambling task, F(1, 39) = 1.44, p = 0.24, eta(2) = 0.04, demonstrating no group differences in decision-making performance. A main effect of group was found on sensitivity to punishment, with children in the control group choosing the doors with the infrequent, but high punishment more often compared to children in the OMT group, F(1, 39) = 4.90, p = 0.03, eta(2) = 0.11. No main effect of group on decision-making speed was found, although results showed a significant interaction effect between group and gain, F(1, 8,194) = 4.09, p = 0.04, eta(2) = 0.001. Children prenatally exposed to opioids were found to have normal decision-making performance on an affective decision-making task and were able to consider future consequences when making decisions.