Reversing DNA methylation: mechanisms, genomics, and biological functions.
Reversing DNA methylation: mechanisms, genomics, and biological functions.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.019
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发表时间:
2014-01-16
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Zhang Y
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wu H;Zhang Y
Methylation of cytosines in the mammalian genome represents a key epigenetic modification and is dynamically regulated during development. Compelling evidence now suggests that dynamic regulation of DNA methylation is mainly achieved through a cyclic enzymatic cascade comprised of cytosine methylation, iterative oxidation of methyl group by TET dioxygenases, and restoration of unmodified cytosines by either replication-dependent dilution or DNA glycosylase-initiated base excision repair. In this review, we discuss the mechanism and function of DNA demethylation in mammalian genomes, focusing particularly on how developmental modulation of the cytosine-modifying pathway is coupled to active reversal of DNA methylation in diverse biological processes.
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