Phenological responses of prairie plants vary among species and year in a three-year experimental warming study
Phenological responses of prairie plants vary among species and year in a three-year experimental warming study
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DOI：
10.1890/es15-00070.1
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Heather R. Whittington;D. Tilman;P. D. Wragg;J. Powers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heather R. Whittington;D. Tilman;P. D. Wragg;J. Powers
由于温度是温带植物物候学的常见调节因子，未来全球气温的升高可能会导致植物物候期（例如开花和衰老）时间的变化，并对物种相互作用和碳循环产生潜在的反馈。我们在温带草原上进行了一项为期 3 年的野外变暖研究，研究了两个升温水平（+ ~1.5°C 和 + ~3°C）对 10 种多年生植物物种在个体和群体尺度上的出芽、开花和盛花物候的影响。我们还通过测量一年的归一化植被指数（NDVI）来研究变暖对返绿和衰老的影响。在高温下，白穗紫穗槐 (Amorpha canescens)、紫穗槐 (Petalostemum purpureum) 和 Andropogon gerardii 的种群和个体开花时间提前了 5 至 8 天。对于七个物种，开花时间的年际变化等于或超过任何特定年份的实验性变暖处理效果。多年来，一些物种对变暖的反应并不一致，尤其是 Liatris aspera。变暖导致春季NDVI值升高，表明变暖加速了春季生物量的增长，但并未显着影响衰老。这些结果表明，在变暖的情况下，群落的开花特征可能会发生改变，可能会影响传粉媒介、营养和竞争相互作用，并表明生物量达到峰值的时间可能会加快，可能会影响生态系统的碳循环。
As temperature is a common regulator of temperate plant phenology, future increases in global temperatures are likely to cause shifts in the timing of plant phenophases such as flowering and senescence, with potential feedbacks on species interactions and carbon cycling. We used a 3-year field warming study in a temperate grassland to investigate the effects of two levels of warming (+ ~1.5°C and + ~3°C) on the phenology of budding, flowering onset, and peak flowering of ten perennial plant species at both individual and population scales. We also examined the effect of warming on green-up and senescence by measuring normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for one year. Populations and individuals of Amorpha canescens, Dalea purpurea (Petalostemum purpureum), and Andropogon gerardii flowered five to eight days earlier under high warming. For seven species, interannual variability in flowering time equaled or exceeded experimental warming treatment effects in any given year. Responses to warming were not consistent among years for several species, especially Liatris aspera. Warming led to higher NDVI values in the spring, indicating that warming accelerated spring biomass growth but did not significantly affect senescence. These results suggest that the community flowering profile may be altered under warming, potentially affecting pollinator, trophic and competitive interactions, and indicate that the timing to peak biomass may be accelerated, possibly affecting ecosystem carbon cycling.