Neuroinflammation in psychiatric disorders: PET imaging and promising new targets.
Neuroinflammation in psychiatric disorders: PET imaging and promising new targets.
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DOI：
10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30255-8
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Innis RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meyer JH;Cervenka S;Kim MJ;Kreisl WC;Henter ID;Innis RB
神经炎症是大脑对损伤和疾病的多方面生理和病理生理反应。鉴于18 kDa转运蛋白（TSPO）的成像结果和其他炎症靶点的放射性配体的发展，神经炎症的PET成像处于一个特别有前途的阶段。这篇评论批判性地评估了PET成像结果的炎症精神疾病，包括重度抑郁症，精神分裂症和精神障碍，物质使用，强迫症。我们还考虑了可以在脑中测量的有前途的新靶点，如单胺氧化酶B、环氧合酶-1和环氧合酶-2、集落刺激因子1受体和嘌呤能P2 X7受体。到目前为止，最引人注目的TSPO成像结果可以说是在重度抑郁症中发现的，已经观察到持续增加，以及在精神分裂症和精神病中，患者显示TSPO水平降低。这种模式强调了在进行患者分层和治疗监测试验之前，分别验证每种疾病的神经炎症脑生物标志物的重要性。
Neuroinflammation is a multifaceted physiological and pathophysiological response of the brain to injury and disease. Given imaging findings of 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) and the development of radioligands for other inflammatory targets, PET imaging of neuroinflammation is at a particularly promising stage. This Review critically evaluates PET imaging results of inflammation in psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder, schizophrenia and psychosis disorders, substance use, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. We also consider promising new targets that can be measured in the brain, such as monoamine oxidase B, cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2, colony stimulating factor 1 receptor, and the purinergic P2X7 receptor. Thus far, the most compelling TSPO imaging results have arguably been found in major depressive disorder, for which consistent increases have been observed, and in schizophrenia and psychosis, for which patients show reduced TSPO levels. This pattern highlights the importance of validating brain biomarkers of neuroinflammation for each condition separately before moving on to patient stratification and treatment monitoring trials.