Effects of Matrix Heterogeneity on Animal Dispersal: From Individual Behavior to Metapopulation‐Level Parameters
Effects of Matrix Heterogeneity on Animal Dispersal: From Individual Behavior to Metapopulation‐Level Parameters
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基质异质性对动物扩散的影响：从个体行为到种群水平参数
DOI：
10.1086/424767
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Delibes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Revilla;T. Wiegand;F. Palomares;P. Ferreras;M. Delibes
越来越多的理论和经验证据表明，基质异质性可能通过以不平凡的方式促进斑块隔离而对集合种群动态产生相反的影响。我们分析了伊比利亚山猫(Lynx Pardinus)集合种群在斑块间扩散过程中的运动特性。在每天的时间尺度上，山猫栖息地选择定义了两种类型的母体栖息地，个体可以在其中移动：开放和分散栖息地(分别避免和用作可用栖息地)。在几个时间尺度(每小时和每天的射电位置以及整个扩散事件)上，基质的异质性对运动特性有强烈而复杂的影响。我们使用每小时时间尺度上的运动特性来构建仿真模型来重建单个扩散事件。在个体(每日)和集合种群尺度上影响模型预测的两个最重要的参数与移动能力(每天移动步数和分散栖息地的自相关性)有关，其次是矩阵中代表栖息地选择的参数。该模型充分再现了种群水平参数(例如斑块间连通性、最大和最终扩散距离)的现场估计，当包括基质异质性对运动特性的影响时，其性能明显改善。假设有一个均匀的矩阵会导致斑块间连通性的估计产生很大的误差，特别是对于被开放生境或分散生境走廊隔开的封闭斑块，这表明当存在矩阵异质性时考虑它是多么重要。运动特性影响分散的个体与景观的相互作用，并可用作集合种群水平上的分散的机械表示。当在具有生物学意义的空间和时间尺度下评估基质异质性对运动特性的影响时，情况就是如此。
Mounting theoretical and empirical evidence shows that matrix heterogeneity may have contrasting effects on metapopulation dynamics by contributing to patch isolation in nontrivial ways. We analyze the movement properties during interpatch dispersal in a metapopulation of Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus). On a daily temporal scale, lynx habitat selection defines two types of matrix habitats where individuals may move: open and dispersal habitats (avoided and used as available, respectively). There was a strong and complex impact of matrix heterogeneity on movement properties at several temporal scales (hourly and daily radiolocations and the entire dispersal event). We use the movement properties on the hourly temporal scale to build a simulation model to reconstruct individual dispersal events. The two most important parameters affecting model predictions at both the individual (daily) and metapopulation scales were related to the movement capacity (number of movement steps per day and autocorrelation in dispersal habitat) followed by the parameters representing the habitat selection in the matrix. The model adequately reproduced field estimates of population‐level parameters (e.g., interpatch connectivity, maximum and final dispersal distances), and its performance was clearly improved when including the effect of matrix heterogeneity on movement properties. To assume there is a homogeneous matrix results in large errors in the estimate of interpatch connectivity, especially for close patches separated by open habitat or corridors of dispersal habitat, showing how important it is to consider matrix heterogeneity when it is present. Movement properties affect the interaction of dispersing individuals with the landscape and can be used as a mechanistic representation of dispersal at the metapopulation level. This is so when the effect of matrix heterogeneity on movement properties is evaluated under biologically meaningful spatial and temporal scales.