TROUT SPERM MOTILITY - THE TRANSIENT MOVEMENT OF TROUT SPERM IS RELATED TO CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF ATP FOLLOWING THE ACTIVATION OF THE FLAGELLAR MOVEMENT
TROUT SPERM MOTILITY - THE TRANSIENT MOVEMENT OF TROUT SPERM IS RELATED TO CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF ATP FOLLOWING THE ACTIVATION OF THE FLAGELLAR MOVEMENT
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13565.x
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发表时间：
1987-08-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
BILLARD, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CHRISTEN, R;GATTI, JL;BILLARD, R
对于淡水鱼来说，即使在等渗介质中稀释后，精子的运动周期也极其短暂。这一结果与大多数其他动物（从无脊椎动物到哺乳动物）形成鲜明对比，在这些动物中，精子通常至少可以运动几个小时。我们通过研究鳟鱼精子的代谢与稀释后运动的激活之间的关系，分析了这种运动的短暂性的原因。当稀释介质中含有高浓度的钾（20-40 mM）时，精子的运动不会开始，但在等渗氯化钠溶液中稀释会立即激活运动，精子游动得很活跃。精子活力迅速下降，稀释后15 s精子运动缓慢，呈小圆圈运动。精子在20-30岁时突然变得不动，鞭毛变直。当Ca2+浓度达到毫摩尔浓度时，鞭毛的运动不会突然停止，鞭毛持续跳动并在1-2分钟后停止。当精子保持静止不动时，它们保留了高浓度的ATP。运动的激活引起ATP的迅速减少。在缺乏钙和停止运动后，ATP缓慢增加，恢复到原来的浓度。在毫摩尔浓度的钙存在下，ATP的浓度下降到一个非常低的水平，此后一直保持在低水平。在鲑鱼精子运动期间，鞭毛跳动频率逐渐减少，这可能与鞭毛内ATP的迅速耗尽有关。在恢复了高浓度ATP的精子中，运动能力可以被重新诱导，证明即使在鞭毛停止后运动器官的功能完整性。总之，我们认为鳟鱼精子运动的最长持续时间最多为2分钟（由于运动过程中ATP的消耗），是由于线粒体氧化磷酸化能力较低。
For freshwater fish the motile period of sperm is extremely brief, even after a dilution in isotonic media. This result is in contrast to most other animals (ranging from invertebrates to mammals), in which sperm are generally motile for at least several hours. We have analyzed the reasons for the brevity of this movement by studying the relationships between the metabolism of trout sperm and the activation of their motility upon dilution. Sperm motility was not initiated when the dilution medium contained an elevated concentration of potassium (20-40 mM), but dilution in an isotonic solution of sodium chloride triggered an immediate activation of motility, and sperm swam vigorously. Motility of sperm decreased rapidly and 15 s after dilution sperm were moving slowly in small circles. Sperm became abruptly immotile at 20-30 s and flagella straightened. When millimolar concentrations of Ca2+ were also present in the dilution medium, movement did not stop abruptly, flagella kept beating and stopped only after 1-2 min. When sperm remained immotile they retained a high concentration of ATP. The activation of motility induced a rapid decrease of ATP. In the absence of calcium and after the cessation of motility, ATP increased slowly back to its original concentration. In the presence of millimolar concentrations of calcium the concentration of ATP decreased to a very low level and remained low thereafter. The progressive decrease of the flagellar beat frequency, that had been observed during the period of trout sperm movement, might be related to the rapid exhaustion of intraflagellar ATP. Motility could be reinduced in sperm that had recovered high concentrations of ATP, demonstrating the functional integrity of the motile apparatus even after flagellar arrest. In conclusion we suggest that the maximum duration of trout sperm motility, at most 2 min (as a consequence of a depletion of ATP during the movement), is due to a low mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity.