Influence of oil and gas emissions on summertime ozone in the Colorado Northern Front Range
Influence of oil and gas emissions on summertime ozone in the Colorado Northern Front Range
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DOI：
10.1002/2016jd025265
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发表时间：
2016-07
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通讯作者：
E. McDuffie;P. Edwards;J. Gilman;B. Lerner;W. Dubé;M. Trainer;D. Wolfe;W. Angevine;J. Degouw;E. Williams;A. Tevlin;J. Murphy;E. Fischer;S. Mckeen;T. Ryerson;J. Peischl;J. Holloway;K. Aikin;A. Langford;C. Senff;R. Alvarez;S. Hall;K. Ullmann;K. Lantz;S. S. Brown-S.
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文献类型：
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作者：
E. McDuffie;P. Edwards;J. Gilman;B. Lerner;W. Dubé;M. Trainer;D. Wolfe;W. Angevine;J. Degouw;E. Williams;A. Tevlin;J. Murphy;E. Fischer;S. Mckeen;T. Ryerson;J. Peischl;J. Holloway;K. Aikin;A. Langford;C. Senff;R. Alvarez;S. Hall;K. Ullmann;K. Lantz;S. S. Brown-S.
在美国东部的大部分地区，对流层臭氧一直在减少，但在一些西部地区保持稳定甚至增加。最近与石油和天然气(O&NG)生产相关的VOC和NOx排放的增加可能在某些地区促成了这一趋势。近年来，科罗拉多州北部前锋地区的夏季空气质量经常超过臭氧标准。该地区有来自快速发展的O&NG盆地的VOC排放，以及接近城市-丹佛市NOx排放的低浓度生物VOC。这里使用VOC-OH反应性(OHR)、臭氧产生效率(OPE)和观测约束的BOX模式来量化O&NG排放对区域夏季臭氧产生的影响。分析基于两个夏天在位于主要区域O&NG和城市排放部门之间的北部前线范围内的中心位置所获得的测量结果。观测分析表明，混合掩盖了空气中主要受O&NG或城市排放部门影响的任何OPE差异。BOX模型确认了在现场观测的不确定性范围内的相对较小的OPE差异。BOX模型结果还表明，测量位置的最大臭氧不仅对NOx混合比的变化很敏感，而且对O&NG VOC的减少也很敏感。这些分析表明，O和NG烷烃对观测到的碳混合比的贡献超过80%，对区域VOC OHR的贡献约为50%，对区域光化学臭氧产生的贡献约为20%。
Tropospheric O3 has been decreasing across much of the eastern U.S. but has remained steady or even increased in some western regions. Recent increases in VOC and NOx emissions associated with the production of oil and natural gas (O&NG) may contribute to this trend in some areas. The Northern Front Range of Colorado has regularly exceeded O3 air quality standards during summertime in recent years. This region has VOC emissions from a rapidly developing O&NG basin and low concentrations of biogenic VOC in close proximity to urban‐Denver NOx emissions. Here VOC OH reactivity (OHR), O3 production efficiency (OPE), and an observationally constrained box model are used to quantify the influence of O&NG emissions on regional summertime O3 production. Analyses are based on measurements acquired over two summers at a central location within the Northern Front Range that lies between major regional O&NG and urban emission sectors. Observational analyses suggest that mixing obscures any OPE differences in air primarily influenced by O&NG or urban emission sector. The box model confirms relatively modest OPE differences that are within the uncertainties of the field observations. Box model results also indicate that maximum O3 at the measurement location is sensitive to changes in NOx mixing ratio but also responsive to O&NG VOC reductions. Combined, these analyses show that O&NG alkanes contribute over 80% to the observed carbon mixing ratio, roughly 50% to the regional VOC OHR, and approximately 20% to regional photochemical O3 production.