Recognition of commensal microflora by toll-like receptors is required for intestinal homeostasis
Recognition of commensal microflora by toll-like receptors is required for intestinal homeostasis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2004.07.002
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发表时间：
2004-07-23
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Medzhitov, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rakoff-Nahoum, S;Paglino, J;Medzhitov, R
Toll 样受体 (TLR) 在宿主防御微生物感染方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，TLR 识别的微生物配体并非病原体所独有，它们是由病原微生物和共生微生物产生的。人们认为，由于表面上皮对微生物群的隔离，可以避免对共生细菌的炎症反应。在这里，我们发现共生细菌在正常稳态条件下被 TLR 识别，这种相互作用在维持肠上皮稳态中起着至关重要的作用。此外，我们发现共生微生物群激活 TLR 对于预防肠道损伤和相关死亡率至关重要。这些发现揭示了 TLR 的新功能——控制肠上皮稳态和保护免受损伤——并为宿主-微生物相互作用的进化提供了新的视角。
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in host defense against microbial infection. The microbial ligands recognized by TLRs are not unique to pathogens, however, and are produced by both pathogenic and commensal microorganisms. It is thought that an inflammatory response to commensal bacteria is avoided due to sequestration of microflora by surface epithelia. Here, we show that commensal bacteria are recognized by TLRs under normal steady-state conditions, and this interaction plays a crucial role in the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis. Furthermore, we find that activation of TLRs by commensal microflora is critical for the protection against gut injury and associated mortality. These findings reveal a novel function of TLRs-control of intestinal epithelial homeostasis and protection from injury-and provide a new perspective on the evolution of host-microbial interactions.