Sustainable heating and cooling systems for agriculture
Sustainable heating and cooling systems for agriculture
复制标题
农业可持续供暖和制冷系统
DOI：
10.1002/er.1699
复制
发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
B. Nordell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mohamad Kharseh;B. Nordell
空间加热/冷却系统约占全球能源消耗的40%。这些系统排放4×1010兆瓦时的热量和3×1010吨的二氧化碳，导致全球变暖。人们普遍认为，减少全球变暖的方法是更有效地利用能源，并在社会的各个领域增加使用可再生能源。地面耦合加热/冷却系统已被证明在欧洲和北美为减少能源消耗做出了巨大贡献，在此作为中东的一个例子，应用于叙利亚的家禽业。例如，叙利亚有13 000个养鸡场，每年生产172 000吨肉。该行业直接雇用了近15万人。养鸡业的总投资为130 BSP（2 B€）。叙利亚的年平均气温为15-18°C，冬季气温在两个月内接近冰点。根据年龄，鸡需要21-35°C的温度，所有叙利亚养鸡场的供暖消耗173×103吨煤（1196 GWh）。在夏季，叙利亚的环境空气温度可达45°C以上。养鸡场没有冷却系统，因为传统的冷却系统太贵了。农场内的高温降低了鸡的生长速度，许多鸡因过热而死亡。
Space heating/cooling systems account for approximately 40% of the global energy consumption. Such systems contribute to global warming by emitting 4×1010 MWh of heat and 3×1010 tons of CO2. There is a general understanding that the way to reduce global warming is a more efficient use of energy and increased use of renewable energy in all fields of the society. Ground‐coupled heating/cooling systems, which have proven to make huge contributions in reducing energy consumption in Europe and North America, is here applied for poultry industry in Syria, as an example for the Middle East. There are e.g. 13 000 chicken farms in Syria producing 172 000 tons of meat per year. This industry employs directly almost 150 000 people. The total investments in chicken farming are 130 BSP (2 B€). The annual mean air temperature in Syria is 15–18°C with winter temperatures close to freezing during two months. The chickens need a temperature of 21–35°C, depending on age, and the heating of all Syrian chicken plants consume 173×103 tons of coal (1196 GWh). In the summer time, the ambient air temperature in Syria could reach above 45°C. The chicken farms have no cooling systems since conventional cooling system is too expensive. The elevated temperature inside the farms reduces the chicken growth and lots of chicken die of overheating.