Cetylpyridinium chloride at sublethal levels increases the susceptibility of rat thymic lymphocytes to oxidative stress
Cetylpyridinium chloride at sublethal levels increases the susceptibility of rat thymic lymphocytes to oxidative stress
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.023
复制
发表时间：
2017-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Oyama, Yasuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Imai, Hiroto;Kita, Fumiya;Oyama, Yasuo
氯化十六烷基吡啶(CPC)是一种用于许多个人护理产品的抗菌剂，随后释放到环境中。由于在河流和城市污水中发现低浓度的CPC，其对野生动物的影响值得关注。因此，在本研究中，我们使用流式细胞术检测了亚致死浓度的CPC对大鼠胸腺淋巴细胞的影响，以表征低浓度CPC在存在和不存在H_2O_2诱导的氧化应激时的细胞作用。CPC处理增加了细胞膜外表面暴露的磷脂酰丝氨酸(早期细胞凋亡的标志)的活细胞数量，提高了细胞内的锌离子水平，降低了细胞内非蛋白硫醇的含量。CPC还增强了H_2O_2的细胞毒性。我们的结果表明，即使在环境相关的亚致死浓度下，CPC在氧化应激条件下也通过增加细胞内锌离子浓度和减少细胞内非蛋白硫醇的含量而发挥细胞毒性作用。这些发现表明，在某些体外条件下，CPC在与环境相关的浓度下具有生物活性。因此，可能需要对从个人护理产品释放到环境中的CPC进行监管，以避免其对野生动物的不利影响。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) is an antimicrobial agent used in many personal care products, with subsequent release into the environment. Since CPC is found at low concentrations in river and municipal wastewater, its influence on wildlife is of concern. Therefore, in this study, we used flow cytometry to examine the effects of sublethal concentrations of CPC on rat thymic lymphocytes in order to characterize the cellular actions of CPC at low concentrations in the presence and absence of H2O2-induced oxidative stress. CPC treatment increased the population of living cells with phosphatidylserine exposed on the outer surface of their plasma membranes (a marker of early stage apoptosis), elevated intracellular Zn2+ levels, and decreased the cellular content of nonprotein thiols. CPC also potentiated the cytotoxicity of H2O2. Our results suggest that, even at environmentally relevant sublethal concentrations, CPC exerts cytotoxic effects under oxidative stress conditions by increasing intracellular Zn2+ concentration and decreasing the cellular content of nonprotein thiols. These findings indicate that, under some in vitro conditions, CPC is bioactive at environmentally relevant concentrations. Therefore, CPC release from personal care products into the environment may need to be regulated to avoid its adverse effects on wildlife. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.