Epidemiology of age-related cataract
Epidemiology of age-related cataract
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DOI：
10.1038/eye.1999.119
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Taylor, HR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taylor, HR
为了研究白内障的病因，有必要测量晶状体混浊的类型和严重程度，以及暴露于假定危险因素的剂量和持续时间。近年来，我们测量白内障和一些假定的危险因素的能力取得了很大的进步。我们目前对白内障病因的了解表明，到目前为止，最大的影响是随着“年龄”的增加而出现。然而，暴露于紫外线b （UV-B）辐射、使用膳食抗氧化维生素和患有糖尿病、发生脱水和严重腹泻以及使用类固醇等治疗药物以及尼古丁和酒精等娱乐性药物可能是重要的风险因素。在目前关于抗氧化维生素补充剂有效性的研究得出结果之前，减少白内障风险的唯一有效的保护性干预措施似乎是减少眼睛接触W-B辐射和戒烟。
To investigate the aetiology of cataract, it is necessary to measure both the type and severity of lens opacities, as well as the dose and duration of exposure to the putative risk factor. Great advances have been made in recent years in our ability to measure cataract and some putative risk factors. Our current understanding of the aetiology of cataract shows that by far the greatest effect is seen with increasing 'age'. However, exposure to ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation, use of dietary antioxidant vitamins and the presence of diabetes, the occurrence of dehydration and severe diarrhoea and the use of therapeutic drugs such as steroids, and recreational drugs such as nicotine and alcohol, may be important risk factors. Until the results of the current studies of the effectiveness of antioxidant vitamin supplements become available, the only effective protective interventions to reduce the risk of cataract seem to be to reduce ocular exposure to W-B radiation and to stop smoking.