[Changes in physical disability among Japanese elderly].
[Changes in physical disability among Japanese elderly].
复制标题
[日本老年人身体残疾的变化]。
DOI：
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复制
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Asano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Tsuji;Y. Minami;A. Fukao;S. Hisamichi;M. Sato;H. Asano
为了调查老年人身体残疾的自然过程，我们于 1988 年和 1991 年对日本仙台市 65 岁及以上居民的概率样本（N = 3384）进行了日常生活活动（ADL）能力的检查。通过自我报告收集了有关执行四项 ADL 任务（穿衣、吃饭、上厕所和洗澡）的能力的信息。 1988 年，7.2% 的男性和 7.9% 的女性报告至少有一种 ADL 依赖。洗澡方面的残疾发生率最高，其次是穿衣、如厕，饮食方面最低。 Cox 三年死亡率比例风险模型表明，基线时依赖 ADL 的患者的死亡风险是不依赖 ADL 的患者的 4.1 倍。在1988年独立生活、1991年活着的人中，1991年有5.0%的男性和4.8%的女性在至少一项ADL任务中变得依赖。残疾发生率最高的是洗澡，其次是穿衣、上厕所，最低的是饮食。在 1988 年依赖 ADL 且 1991 年还活着的人中，大约有三分之一的 ADL 功能有所改善。年龄较小的人的改善更为常见。这些结果表明，ADL 功能水平是高度动态的，并且老年人的身体残疾在一定程度上是可逆的。
In order to investigate the natural course of physical disability among the elderly, the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) was examined on a probability sample (N = 3384) of residents aged 65 years and over in Sendai City, Japan, in 1988 and 1991. Information on ability to perform four ADL tasks-dressing, eating, using the toilet, and bathing-were collected by self-report. In 1988, 7.2% of the males and 7.9% of the females reported at least one ADL dependency. The prevalence of disability was the highest in bathing, followed by dressing, using the toilet, and the lowest in eating. The Cox proportional hazard models on three-year mortality indicated that those who were ADL dependent at baseline had 4.1 times the mortality risk of those who were ADL independent. Among those who were ADL independent in 1988 and who were alive in 1991, 5.0% of the males and 4.8% of the females became dependent in at least one ADL task in 1991. The incidence of disability was the highest in bathing, followed by dressing, using the toilet, and the lowest in eating. Among those who were ADL dependent in 1988 and who were alive in 1991, about one-third of them improved in ADL functioning. Improvement was more common among those who were younger in age. These results suggest that levels of ADL functioning is highly dynamic, and that physical disability is, to a certain extent, reversible among the elderly.