Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in cholinergic neurons of exocrine glands: functional significance of coexisting transmitters for vasodilation and secretion.
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in cholinergic neurons of exocrine glands: functional significance of coexisting transmitters for vasodilation and secretion.
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外分泌腺胆碱能神经元中的血管活性肠多肽：共存递质对血管舒张和分泌的功能意义。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Viktor Mutt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Lundberg;A. Änggård;J. Fahrenkrug;T. Hökfelt;Viktor Mutt
用间接免疫荧光技术结合乙酰胆碱酯酶（acetylcholine acetylhydrolase，EC 3.1.1.7）染色，证明血管活性肠肽（vasoactive intestinal polypeptide，VIP）存在于猫外分泌腺中参与分泌和血管舒张控制的胆碱能（acetylcholinesterase-rich）神经元。节前神经刺激诱导的阿托品抵抗，六甲铵敏感的血管舒张和释放VIP到静脉流出的腺体和阿托品和六甲铵敏感的分泌。VIP抗血清的输注减少了血管舒张和分泌。输注VIP只引起血管舒张，而乙酰胆碱引起血管舒张和分泌。同时输注VIP和乙酰胆碱在低剂量导致血管舒张和分泌的显着增强。目前的形态学和功能数据支持以下假说的调节血管扩张和分泌外分泌腺。节前胆碱能神经通过烟碱受体激活节后神经元，导致两种共存的假定递质乙酰胆碱和VIP从相同神经末梢同时释放。乙酰胆碱主要通过毒蕈碱作用产生分泌，VIP主要引起血管舒张，但这两种物质似乎在两种类型的反应中直接或间接合作。因此，两种假定的神经递质VIP和乙酰胆碱在一个神经元中的共存可以解释双重效应器反应（即，胆碱能分泌和抗阿托品血管舒张）。
By a combination of the indirect immunofluorescence technique with acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholine acetylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7) staining, it was shown that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is present in cholinergic (acetylcholinesterase-rich) neurons involved in control of secretion and vasodilation in exocrine glands of cat. The submandibular salivary gland was used as a functional model. Preganglionic nerve stimulation induced an atropine-resistant, hexamethonium-sensitive vasodilation and release of VIP into the venous outflow from the gland and an atropine- and hexamethonium-sensitive secretion. Infusion of VIP antiserum reduced both the vasodilation and secretion. Infusion of VIP caused vasodilation only, whereas acetylcholine caused both vasodilation and secretion. Simultaneous infusion of VIP and acetylcholine in low doses resulted in a marked potentiation of both vasodilation and secretion. The present morphological and functional data support the following hypothesis for regulation of vasodilation and secretion in exocrine glands. Preganglionic cholinergic nerves activate, via nicotinic receptors, postganglionic neurons, causing concomitant release from the same nerve endings of two coexisting putative transmitters, acetylcholine and VIP. Acetylcholine produces mainly secretion by a muscarinic action and VIP causes mainly vasodilation, but the two substances seem to cooperate directly or indirectly in both types of response. Thus, the coexistence of two putative neurotransmitters, VIP and acetylcholine, in one neuron may explain the dual effector response (i.e., the cholinergic secretion and the atropine-resistant vasodilation) caused by nerve stimulation in exocrine glands.