Persistent organic pollutants in fat of three species of Pacific pelagic longline caught sea turtles: Accumulation in relation to ingested plastic marine debris
Persistent organic pollutants in fat of three species of Pacific pelagic longline caught sea turtles: Accumulation in relation to ingested plastic marine debris
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.242
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Lynch, Jennifer M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clukey, Katharine E.;Lepczyk, Christopher A.;Lynch, Jennifer M.
除了食用受污染的猎物外，海龟还可能因摄入吸收了这些化学物质的塑料碎片而暴露于持久性有机污染物（POPs）中。鉴于对远洋海龟体内持久性有机污染物的了解有限，以及塑料摄入如何影响持久性有机污染物的暴露，我们的目标是：1)提供三种远洋太平洋海龟的基线污染物水平；2)评估污染物水平与物种、性别、体长、身体状况和捕获地点的关系。此外，我们假设，如果摄入塑料是POP暴露的一个重要来源，那么摄入塑料的量可能与脂肪中积累的POP浓度有关。为了实现我们的目标，我们将脂肪样本中的POP浓度与先前描述的同一只海龟摄入的塑料量进行了比较。对25只太平洋远洋海龟[2只红海龟、6只绿海龟和17只橄榄蠵龟]的脂肪样本进行了81种多氯联苯（PCBs）、20种有机氯农药和35种溴化阻燃剂的分析。橄榄蠵龟和红海龟的西格玛DDTs（二氯二苯三氯乙烷及其代谢物）比西格玛多氯联苯高，其比例与在南中国海和南加州测量的生物群相似。绿海龟的比例接近1:1。这些远洋海龟的POP水平低于之前报道的近岸海龟。持久性有机污染物的浓度与橄榄蠵龟摄入的塑料量无关，这表明它们主要通过猎物接触持久性有机污染物。在绿海龟中，spcb的浓度与摄入的塑料碎片数量呈正相关，但这些发现与身体状况指数（BCI）的协方差相混淆。BCI较高的绿海龟吃了更多的塑料，也有更高的持久性有机污染物。综合起来，我们的研究结果表明，海龟通过猎物而不是海洋垃圾积累了大部分持久性有机污染物。Elsevier B.V.出版
In addition to eating contaminated prey, sea turtles may be exposed to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from ingesting plastic debris that has absorbed these chemicals. Given the limited knowledge about POPs in pelagic sea turtles and how plastic ingestion influences POP exposure, our objectives were to: 1) provide baseline contaminant levels of three species of pelagic Pacific sea turtles; and 2) assess trends of contaminant levels in relation to species, sex, length, body condition and capture location. In addition, we hypothesized that if ingesting plastic is a significant source of POP exposure, then the amount of ingested plastic may be correlated to POP concentrations accumulated in fat. To address our objectives we compared POP concentrations in fat samples to previously described amounts of ingested plastic from the same turtles. Fat samples from 25 Pacific pelagic sea turtles [2 logerhead (Caretta caretta), 6 green (Chelonia mydas) and 17 olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) turtles] were analyzed for 81 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 20 organochlorine pesticides, and 35 brominated flame-etardants. The olive ridley and loggerhead turtles had higher Sigma DDTs (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites) than Sigma PCBs, at a ratio similar to biota measured in the South China Sea and southern California. Green turtles had a ratio close to 1:1. These pelagic turtles had lower POP levels than previously reported in nearshore turtles. POP concentrations were unrelated to the amounts of ingested plastic in olive ridleys, suggesting that their exposure to POPs is mainly through prey. In green turtles, concentrations of SPCBs were positively correlated with the number of plastic pieces ingested, but these findings were confounded by covariancewith body condition index (BCI). Green turtles with a higher BCI had eaten more plastic and also had higher POPs. Taken together, our findings suggest that sea turtles accumulate most POPs through their prey rather than marine debris. Published by Elsevier B.V.