DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES OF ENZYMES ASSOCIATED WITH ENERGY METABOLISM AND THE SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN DISCRETE AREAS OF HUMAN NEOCORTEX
DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES OF ENZYMES ASSOCIATED WITH ENERGY METABOLISM AND THE SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN DISCRETE AREAS OF HUMAN NEOCORTEX
复制标题
人类新皮质离散区域中与能量代谢相关的酶的发育变化和一些神经递质的合成
作者：
M. Diebler;E. Farkas‐Bargeton;R. Wehrlé
在人类新皮层的以下区域的早期尸检材料中测量了丙酮酸激酶（PK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、α-甘油磷酸脱氢酶（α-GPD）、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6 P）、琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）、谷氨酸脱氢酶（GDH）、胆碱乙酰转移酶（CAT）、谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）活性的发育变化：4区（运动皮层），17区（视觉皮层），40区（边缘上回，联合皮层）。分析了从胎龄8周到成年的年龄变化。从这项研究中出现的要点是：1。与糖酵解途径相关的酶在胎儿早期表现出高活性，下降到神经发生的活跃期结束，然后持续上升到生命的第一年结束。2. G6 P是一种与戊糖磷酸途径的氧化部分相关的酶，在胎龄8周时表现出高活性，并逐渐下降，直至神经发生活跃期结束;然后它要么没有显着变化（运动皮质），要么略有增加。3.与三羧酸途径相关的酶在整个妊娠前半期的活性水平较低，然后在胎儿的最后几个月和出生后的第一年显著升高。SDH的增加幅度（× 10）远高于糖酵解酶（×4）。对于氧化代谢的酶，运动皮层是最先进的区域，而联合皮层成熟较慢。4. CAT活性在胎儿8周时在视觉皮层中很高，并在第五个月时下降。之后，持续上升，直到11岁。虽然运动皮层和联合皮层达到成人水平的时间模式不同，但从胎儿开始到成人水平，这两个区域都存在持续增加。GAD活性的发育变化是非常不寻常的。活动的发展滞后于CAT，并在出生后开始。在生命的第一年稳步上升之后，这个年龄之后活动减少。
Developmental changes in pyruvate kinase (PK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), α‐glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (α‐GPD), glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6P), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), choline acetyltransferase (CAT), glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), activities were measured in early autopsy material in the following areas of human neocortex: area 4 (motor cortex), area 17 (visual cortex), area 40 (gyrus supramarginalis, associative cortex). Changes with age were analysed from 8 fetal weeks to adult age. The important points emerging from this study are: 1. Enzymes associated with glycolytic pathways show a high activity in early fetal period, decline through to the end of the active phase of neurogenesis and then, rise continuously to the end of the first year of life. 2. G6P, an enzyme associated with the oxidative segment of the pentose phosphate pathway, shows a high activity at 8 fetal weeks and, gradually declines through to the end of the active phase of neurogenesis; it then either does not change significantly (motor cortex) or increases slightly. 3. Enzymes related to the tricarboxylic pathway have a low level of activity throughout the first half of gestation, and then rise markedly during the last fetal months and the first year after birth. SDH increase is of much higher magnitude (× 10) than that observed for glycolytic enzymes (×4). For the enzymes of oxidative metabolism, motor cortex is the most advanced area, while associative cortex matures more slowly. 4. CAT activity at 8 fetal weeks is high in visual cortex and declines to the fifth month. After that time, there is a continuous rise until the age of 11 years. Although the time pattern in reaching the adult value is different in motor and associative cortex, there exists a continuous increase from fetal onset to adult level in both areas. Developmental changes in GAD activity are very unusual. The development of activity lags behind that of CAT and commences after birth. After a steady rise in the first year of life, the activity decreases after this age.