Evaluation of murine norovirus, feline calicivirus, poliovirus, and MS2 as surrogates for human norovirus in a model of viral persistence in surface water and groundwater
Evaluation of murine norovirus, feline calicivirus, poliovirus, and MS2 as surrogates for human norovirus in a model of viral persistence in surface water and groundwater
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.02095-06
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Schwab, Kellogg J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bae, Jinhee;Schwab, Kellogg J.
人类诺如病毒（NoV）是全球非细菌性胃肠炎的重要原因，受污染的饮用水是潜在的传播途径。由于缺乏NoV的细胞培养感染性模型，因此需要使用分子方法和/或适合细胞培养的病毒替代模型来预测NoV灭活。将NoV替代物鼠NoV（MNV）、猫杯状病毒（FCV）、脊髓灰质炎病毒（PV）和雄性特异性大肠杆菌噬菌体MS 2连同诺瓦克病毒（NV）掺入地表水样品（n = 9）和地下水样品（n = 6）中。在25 ℃和4 ℃下，通过定期分析所有测试病毒的病毒感染性（对于所有替代病毒）和核酸（NA）来监测病毒持久性。FCV感染性降低率显著高于其他替代病毒。在25 ℃下，细胞增殖率降低率显著高于NA降低率（FCV为0.18和0.09 log（10）/天，PV为0.13和0.10 log（10）/天，MS 2为0.12和0.06 log（10）/天，MNV为0.09和0.05 log（10）/天），但在4 ℃下不显著。根据多元线性回归模型，NV NA减少率（0.04 +/- 0.01 log（10）/天）与MS 2的NA降低率无显著差异（0.05 +/- 0.03 log，，/天）和MNV（0.04 ± 0.03 log（10）/天），与25 ℃时的FCV（0.08 ± 0.03 log（10）/天）和PV（0.09 ± 0.03 log（10）/天）有显著差异。总之，由于其遗传相似性和环境稳定性，MNV显示出作为人类NoV替代物的巨大前景。FCV的稳定性要差得多，因此作为地表水和地下水中人类NoV的适当替代物是值得怀疑的。
Human noroviruses (NoVs) are a significant cause of nonbacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, with contaminated drinking water a potential transmission route. The absence of a cell culture infectivity model for NoV necessitates the use of molecular methods and/or viral surrogate models amenable to cell culture to predict NoV inactivation. The NoV surrogates murine NoV (MNV), feline calicivirus (FCV), poliovirus (PV), and male-specific coliphage MS2, in conjunction with Norwalk virus (NV), were spiked into surface water samples (n = 9) and groundwater samples (n = 6). Viral persistence was monitored at 25 degrees C and 4 degrees C by periodically analyzing virus infectivity (for all surrogate viruses) and nucleic acid (NA) for all tested viruses. FCV infectivity reduction rates were significantly higher than those of the other surrogate viruses. Infectivity reduction rates were significantly higher than NA reduction rates at 25 degrees C (0.18 and 0.09 log(10)/day for FCV, 0.13 and 0.10 log(10)/day for PV, 0.12 and 0.06 log(10)/day for MS2, and 0.09 and 0.05 log(10)/day for MNV) but not significant at 4 degrees C. According to a multiple linear regression model, the NV NA reduction rates (0.04 +/- 0.01 log(10)/day) were not significantly different from the NA reduction rates of MS2 (0.05 +/- 0.03 log,,/day) and MNV (0.04 0.03 log(10)/day) and were significantly different from those of FCV (0.08 +/- 0.03 log(10)/day) and PV (0.09 +/- 0.03 log,,/day) at 25 degrees C. In conclusion, MNV shows great promise as a human NoV surrogate due to its genetic similarity and environmental stability. FCV was much less stable and thus questionable as an adequate surrogate for human NoVs in surface water and groundwater.