Numerical relativity in spherical coordinates with the Einstein Toolkit

Numerical relativity in spherical coordinates with the Einstein Toolkit
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使用 Einstein 工具包研究球坐标中的数值相对论

DOI:
10.1103/physrevd.97.084059
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Baumgarte, Thomas W.
Baumgarte, Thomas W.
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mewes, Vassilios;Zlochower, Yosef;Campanelli, Manuela;Ruchlin, Ian;Etienne, Zachariah B.;Baumgarte, Thomas W.

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不对空间对称性做假设的数值相对论代码最常采用笛卡尔坐标。虽然这些坐标有许多吸引人的特征,但球坐标更适合利用一些天体物理对象的近似对称性,包括单星,黑洞和吸积盘。虽然坐标奇异性的出现经常破坏球坐标系中的数值相对论模拟,特别是在没有任何对称性假设的情况下,但最近已经证明,如果解析地处理坐标奇异性,这些问题可以避免。这是可能的帮助下,一个参考度量版本的鲍姆加特-夏皮罗-柴田-中村制定连同适当的重新缩放张量。在本文中,我们报告了这种形式主义在theEinstein Toolkit的实现。我们适应theEinstein Toolkit基础设施,最初设计用于笛卡尔坐标,处理球坐标,通过提供适当的边界条件在内部和外部边界。我们进行数值模拟的扰动克尔黑洞,提取引力波信号,并证明,这些信号中的噪声是在球面网格,而不是笛卡尔网格计算时的数量级小。随着我们新的爱因斯坦工具包的公开发布,我们在球坐标系中的数值相对论方法将可用于整个数值相对论社区。
Numerical relativity codes that do not make assumptions on spatial symmetries most commonly adopt Cartesian coordinates. While these coordinates have many attractive features, spherical coordinates are much better suited to take advantage of approximate symmetries in a number of astrophysical objects, including single stars, black holes, and accretion disks. While the appearance of coordinate singularities often spoils numerical relativity simulations in spherical coordinates, especially in the absence of any symmetry assumptions, it has recently been demonstrated that these problems can be avoided if the coordinate singularities are handled analytically. This is possible with the help of a reference-metric version of the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura formulation together with a proper rescaling of tensorial quantities. In this paper we report on an implementation of this formalism in theEinstein Toolkit. We adapt theEinstein Toolkitinfrastructure, originally designed for Cartesian coordinates, to handle spherical coordinates, by providing appropriate boundary conditions at both inner and outer boundaries. We perform numerical simulations for a disturbed Kerr black hole, extract the gravitational wave signal, and demonstrate that the noise in these signals is orders of magnitude smaller when computed on spherical grids rather than Cartesian grids. With the public release of our newEinstein Toolkitthorns, our methods for numerical relativity in spherical coordinates will become available to the entire numerical relativity community.
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