Empirically based assessment and taxonomy of psychopathology: cross-cultural applications. A review.
Empirically based assessment and taxonomy of psychopathology: cross-cultural applications. A review.
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基于经验的精神病理学评估和分类：跨文化应用。
DOI：
10.1007/bf01977734
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Achenbach,TM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Verhulst,FC;Achenbach,TM
本文概述了基于经验的评估和分类，说明了精神病理学的跨文化研究。以经验为基础的方法使用标准化的评估程序来评分行为和情绪问题，从这些问题中通过多变量分析得出症状。项目和综合征定量评分，以反映个人表现的程度，如特定的线人报告。虽然评估问题和构建分类学分组的方法与ICD/DSM方法不同，但它们的疾病模型和用于定义疾病的标准特征之间没有内在矛盾。跨文化的比较产生了相对较小的差异，在问题率和综合征的结构，加上相当大的相似性，在协会的问题与性别和SES，以及类似的相关性之间的报告，由不同类型的线人。研究与文化、性别、年龄、社会经济地位和被调查者类型有关的问题的变化，有助于改进ICD/DSM和基于经验的方法，并有助于更有效地综合两者。
This paper provides an overview of empirically based assessment and taxonomy, as illustrated by cross-cultural research on psychopathology. The empirically based approach uses standardized assessment procedures to score behavioral and emotional problems from which syndromes are derived by multivariate analyses. Items and syndromes are scored quantitatively to reflect the degree to which individuals manifest them, as reported by particular informants. Although the approach to assessing problems and to constructing taxonomic groupings differs from the ICD/DSM approach, there are no inherent contradictions between either their models for disorders nor the criterial features used to define disorders. Cross-cultural comparisons have yielded relatively small differences in problem rates and syndrome structure, plus considerable similarity in associations of problems with sex and SES, as well as similar correlations between reports by different types of informants. Research on variations in problems in relation to culture, sex, age, SES, and type of informant can contribute to improving both the ICD/DSM and empirically based approaches and to a more effective synthesis between them.