Effects of group size on performance health and birds' use of facilities in furnished cages for laying hens
Effects of group size on performance health and birds' use of facilities in furnished cages for laying hens
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DOI：
10.1080/09064709709362394
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发表时间：
1997-11-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Tauson, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abrahamsson, P;Tauson, R
共饲养1584只Lohmann精选来航鸡，分别饲养在144个配有栖木、巢和沙浴的改良笼中（每笼5、6、7或8只母鸡）或162个常规笼中（每笼4只母鸡）。笼底面积为每只母鸡600 cm（2），不包括巢和沙浴。对巢穴和沙浴的门进行时间监测。生产，死亡率，外观蛋质量，健康，外皮和设施的鸟类使用登记从20至80周。群体大小和饲养制度对产蛋量和死亡率没有影响，但与常规笼相比，配置笼产的裂蛋多，脏蛋少。在家具笼中的母鸡有更好的羽毛状况，较少的趾垫角化过度，较短的爪子，较少的后部身体伤口和更强大的肱骨，但肮脏的脚比母鸡在传统的笼子。在较大的组大小的母鸡有最脏的脚。在带家具的笼子里，平均有86%的卵产在巢里，0.6%产在沙浴里。在较大的群体中，从巢中滚出的效率最好。在夜间，不到0.5%的母鸡留在沙浴中，不到2%的母鸡留在巢中。栖息地的平均使用率为白天28%，晚上91%。小群体母鸡使用沙浴最多。在金属丝地板上也发生了尘浴行为。
A total of 1584 Lohmann Selected Leghorn hens were kept in 144 modified cages furnished with a perch, nest and sandbath for 5, 6, 7 or 8 hens per cage or in 162 conventional cages for 4 hens. Cage floor area was 600 cm(2) per hen excluding nest and sandbath. Doors to nests and sandbaths were time monitored. Production, mortality, exterior egg quality, health, integument and the birds use of facilities were registered from 20 until 80 weeks. No effects of group size or keeping system on production or mortality were detected, but the furnished cage gave more cracked and less dirty eggs than the conventional cage. Hens in the furnished cage had better plumage condition, less toe pad hyperkeratosis, shorter claws, less rear body wounds and stronger humerus, but dirtier feet than hens in the conventional cage. Hens in the larger group sizes had the dirtiest feet. In the furnished cage, on average, 86% of all eggs were laid in the nests and 0.6% in the sandbaths. The rolling out efficiency from nests was best in the larger group sizes. During night less than 0.5% of the hens stayed in the sandbath and less than 2% stayed in the nest. Average use of perches was 28% during the day and 91% at night. Hens in the small group sizes used the sandbath most. Dust-bathing behaviour also occurred on the wire floor.