Differences in transpiration characteristics of Japanese beech trees, Fagus crenata, in Japan.
Differences in transpiration characteristics of Japanese beech trees, Fagus crenata, in Japan.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/treephys/tpq023
复制
发表时间：
2010-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
M. Tateishi;T. Kumagai;Y. Suyama;T. Hiura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Tateishi;T. Kumagai;Y. Suyama;T. Hiura
日本山毛榉（Fagus crenata Blume）广泛分布在日本群岛。该物种需要形态和生理上的可塑性来应对其地理范围内不同的环境条件。在这项研究中，我们监测了蒸腾(E)，以检验整棵树水分利用的地理变化的可塑性机制。我们通过测量位于日本不同地区的黑松奈（Kuromatsunai， KR）、川比（Kawatabi， KW）和芝叶（Shiiba， SH） 3个林分的日本山毛榉树液通量来确定E。研究人员利用生物特征测量来表征叶片和树冠形态，并评估了冠层空气导度、冠层气孔导度（G(S)）和解耦系数（Omega）等E特征的地理差异。叶片形态和冠状具有明显的地理界线。单株叶面积依次为KR > KW > SH， KR和KW林分的树冠呈圆柱状，SH林分的树冠呈平面状。我们评估了叶片和树冠形态对E性状的影响。Omega值表明，KW和SH林分的E对G(S)和大气蒸发需氧量高度敏感，而KR林分的E对辐射能敏感。为了在不进一步失水的情况下最大限度地增加碳的吸收，树木在潮湿的生境中保持较高的G(S)。例如，KR树可以通过调整单叶大小和树冠结构来减少吸收的辐射能，从而降低E值。研究结果表明，日本山毛榉水分利用模式的地理差异是由其生理和形态状态的相互作用决定的。
Japanese beech (Fagus crenata Blume) is widely distributed across the Japan archipelago. This species requires morphological and physiological plasticity to cope with the diverse environmental conditions across its geographical range. In this study, we monitored transpiration (E) to examine plasticity mechanisms as an example of geographical variation in whole-tree water use. We determined E by measuring the sap flux of Japanese beech trees in three stands: Kuromatsunai (KR), Kawatabi (KW) and Shiiba (SH), which were located in different areas in Japan. We conducted biometric measurements to characterize leaf and crown morphology and evaluated geographical variations in E characteristics, such as canopy aerodynamic conductance, canopy stomatal conductance (G(S)) and decoupling coefficient (Omega). Leaf morphology and crown shape showed clear geographical clines. Individual leaf areas decreased in the order KR > KW > SH. The crown shape in the KR and KW stands was cylindrical but planar in the SH stand. We evaluated the effects of leaf and crown morphology on E characteristics. The Omega values showed that, while E in the KW and SH stands was highly sensitive to G(S) and atmospheric evaporative demand, E in the KR stand was sensitive to radiative energy. To maximize carbon gain without further water loss, trees maintain a high G(S) in a moist habitat. For example, the KR trees may decrease E by reducing their absorbed radiation energy by adjusting the individual leaf size and crown structure. Our results indicate that the geographical variation in the water use pattern of Japanese beech is determined by the interaction between its physiological and morphological status.