Artificial selection of the melanocortin receptor 1 gene in Chinese domestic pigs during domestication
Artificial selection of the melanocortin receptor 1 gene in Chinese domestic pigs during domestication
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/hdy.2009.191
复制
发表时间：
2010-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Zhang, Y-P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, J.;Yang, H.;Zhang, Y-P
黑色毛色在中国本土家猪中很常见，但在它们的野生祖先中却不常见，因此推测这是一种“驯化性状”。为了确定人工干扰是否有助于形态多样化，我们检测了157只中国家猪和40只野猪黑皮质素受体1（MC 1 R）基因的核苷酸变异，该基因在猪的皮毛色素沉着中起关键作用。与伪基因GPIP相比，我们的研究结果表明，人口和选择的共同作用导致中国家猪MC 1 R的遗传多样性显着降低。聚结模拟和选择试验进一步表明，与黑色相关的两个非同义取代的固定是人工选择的结果。相比之下，野猪的遗传多样性要高得多，只有一个非同义替换，这表明一个强大的功能限制。此外，我们的结论与中国古代祭祀文化中对黑色的偏好是一致的。这个案例提供了一个有趣的例子，在中国古代的人工牲畜选择及其相关的文化影响的分子评估。Heredity（2010）105，274-281; doi：10.1038/hdy.2009.191; 2010年2月24日在线发表
Black coat colour is common in Chinese indigenous domestic pigs, but not among their wild ancestors, and it is thus presumed to be a 'domestication trait.' To determine whether artificial interference contributes to morphological diversification, we examined nucleotide variation from 157 Chinese domestic pigs and 40 wild boars in the melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) gene, which has a key role in the coat pigmentation of Sus scrofa. Compared with a pseudogene GPIP, our results showed that the joint effects of demography and selection have resulted in markedly low genetic diversity of MC1R in Chinese domestic pigs. Coalescent simulation and selection tests further suggest that the fixation of two non-synonymous substitutions associated with black colour is the result of artificial selection. In contrast, a much higher genetic diversity and only a single non-synonymous substitution were found among the wild boars, suggesting a strong functional constraint. Moreover, our conclusion is consistent with the preference for black colour in the ancient Chinese sacrificial culture. This case provides an interesting example of a molecular evaluation of artificial livestock selection and its associated cultural impact in ancient China. Heredity (2010) 105, 274-281; doi:10.1038/hdy.2009.191; published online 24 February 2010