The Behavior of Staphylococcus aureus Dual-Species Biofilms Treated with Bacteriophage phiIPLA-RODI Depends on the Accompanying Microorganism
The Behavior of Staphylococcus aureus Dual-Species Biofilms Treated with Bacteriophage phiIPLA-RODI Depends on the Accompanying Microorganism
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.02821-16
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Garcia, Pilar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gonzalez, Silvia;Fernandez, Lucia;Garcia, Pilar
使用噬菌体作为抗病原菌的抗菌剂为传统抗生素和消毒剂提供了一种有前途的替代品。值得注意的是，生物膜可能有助于去除生物膜，而生物膜对常用的根除方法具有众所周知的抗性。然而，新的生物膜策略的成功开发必须考虑到现实生活中的生物膜通常由混合物种种群组成。在此背景下，本研究旨在探讨基于噬菌体的卫生程序从食品工业表面去除多微生物生物膜的有效性。我们处理了由食品致病菌金黄色葡萄球菌与植物乳杆菌、屎肠球菌或戊糖乳杆菌组合形成的双物种生物膜，并使用葡萄球菌噬菌体phiIPLA-RODI。我们的研究结果表明，噬菌体处理对S。金黄色葡萄球菌混合物种生物膜根据伴随物种和感染条件而变化。例如，在营养限制条件下用噬菌体悬浮液短时间处理（4小时）减少了S。金黄色葡萄球菌细胞在5-h生物膜中通过类似于1个对数单位而不释放非敏感物种。相比之下，较长的感染时间（18小时），没有营养限制增加了S。金黄色葡萄球菌细胞通过噬菌体（减少高达2.9 log单位）。然而，在某些情况下，这些条件促进了伴生物种的生长。例如，L.处理样品中的植物细胞计数比未处理对照中的植物细胞计数高2.3个对数单位。此外，噬菌体在双菌种生物膜内的繁殖也很大程度上依赖于伴随的菌种，在由S.金色L.戊糖扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）也显示了噬菌体处理后混合物种生物膜的三维结构的变化。总之，这里提出的结果突出了需要研究噬菌体治疗对微生物群落的影响，反映了更现实的setting.IMPORTANCE生物膜代表了工业和医院环境中的主要污染源。因此，从医学和经济角度来看，开发有效的策略来对抗细菌生物膜是至关重要的。噬菌体已显示出作为新型生物膜剂的潜力，但仍需要进一步的研究来充分了解噬菌体和生物膜包埋细菌之间的相互作用。在这项研究中提出的结果有助于实现更好地理解这种相互作用在一个更现实的背景下，考虑到大多数生物膜在环境中的混合物种种群。
The use of bacteriophages as antimicrobials against pathogenic bacteria offers a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics and disinfectants. Significantly, phages may help to remove biofilms, which are notoriously resistant to commonly used eradication methods. However, the successful development of novel antibiofilm strategies must take into account that real-life biofilms usually consist of mixed-species populations. Within this context, this study aimed to explore the effectiveness of bacteriophage-based sanitation procedures for removing polymicrobial biofilms from food industry surfaces. We treated dual-species biofilms formed by the food pathogenic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus in combination with Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecium, or Lactobacillus pentosus with the staphylococcal phage phiIPLA-RODI. Our results suggest that the impact of bacteriophage treatment on S. aureus mixed-species biofilms varies depending on the accompanying species and the infection conditions. For instance, short treatments (4 h) with a phage suspension under nutrient-limiting conditions reduced the number of S. aureus cells in 5-h biofilms by similar to 1 log unit without releasing the nonsusceptible species. In contrast, longer infection periods (18 h) with no nutrient limitation increased the killing of S. aureus cells by the phage (decrease of up to 2.9 log units). However, in some cases, these conditions promoted the growth of the accompanying species. For example, the L. plantarum cell count in the treated sample was up to 2.3 log units higher than that in the untreated control. Furthermore, phage propagation inside dual-species biofilms also depended greatly on the accompanying species, with the highest rate detected in biofilms formed by S. aureus-L. pentosus. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) also showed changes in the three-dimensional structures of the mixed-species biofilms after phage treatment. Altogether, the results presented here highlight the need to study the impact of phage therapy on microbial communities that reflect a more realistic setting.IMPORTANCE Biofilms represent a major source of contamination in industrial and hospital settings. Therefore, developing efficient strategies to combat bacterial biofilms is of the utmost importance from medical and economic perspectives. Bacteriophages have shown potential as novel antibiofilm agents, but further research is still required to fully understand the interactions between phages and biofilm-embedded bacteria. The results presented in this study contribute to achieving a better understanding of such interactions in a more realistic context, considering that most biofilms in the environment consist of mixed-species populations.