Biomass power plant integrated with a thermochemical heat storage system using a fluidized bed reactor worked by variable renewable energy: Dynamic simulation, energetic and economic analyses
Biomass power plant integrated with a thermochemical heat storage system using a fluidized bed reactor worked by variable renewable energy: Dynamic simulation, energetic and economic analyses
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DOI：
10.1016/j.est.2023.106720
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Takayuki Uchino;Takahito Yasui;C. Fushimi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takayuki Uchino;Takahito Yasui;C. Fushimi
本研究重点关注与卡诺电池形式的热化学蓄热 (TCS) 系统集成的生物质发电厂（有机朗肯循环：ORC，1 MWe）。在TCS中，使用使用CaO/Ca(OH)2/氧化铝颗粒的流化床反应器，并使用蒸汽作为流化和反应气体。可变可再生能源（VRE）的剩余电力在白天转化为热量并储存，储存的能量在晚上用于发电。在这项研究中，有三个目标。首先，比较了R245fa和R1233zd作为ORC工质时的工艺性能，评价了透平入口温度、过热度温度、发电规模等ORC参数的影响。此外，还研究了流化床体积和生物质燃料燃烧减少的影响。其次，通过动态计算评估了所提出的过程吸收 VRE 波动的潜力。第三，评估了TCS系统的经济性。结果表明，使用R1233zd的工艺的往返效率为8.77%，略低于使用R245fa的工艺的往返效率（8.84%）。汽轮机入口温度的升高导致TCS反应堆出口蒸汽的热回收量增加，同时往返效率降低。改变过热温度（5 → 15 °C）情况下的效率略有变化（<0.5%）。为了实现高能源效率，大型生物质发电厂和小型流化床体积是有效的。结果发现，VRE 波动大部分被流化床和 ORC 工艺的 TCS 吸收。在经济评估中，仅TCS系统的平准化储能成本为0.92-2.37美元/kWhe，而充电电费为0.05美元/kWhe。如果未来白天电费免费且每天发电量为两倍，LCOS也会降低至0.50-1.14美元/千瓦时。
This study focused on a biomass power plant (Organic Rankine Cycle: ORC, 1 MWe) integrated with a thermochemical heat storage (TCS) system as a Carnot battery. In the TCS, a fluidized bed reactor using CaO/Ca(OH)2/alumina particles was used, and steam was used as a fluidizing and reacting gas. The surplus electricity from variable renewable energy (VRE) is converted to heat and stored during daytime, and the stored energy is utilized to generate power in the evening. In this study, there were three objectives. First, process performances were compared when R245fa or R1233zd was used as a working fluid of ORC, and influences of ORC parameters such as the turbine inlet temperature, superheat temperature, and the scale of the power generation, were evaluated. In addition, effects of the fluidized bed volume and the reduction of biomass fuel combustion were also investigated. Second, a potential of the proposed process that can absorb the VRE fluctuation was evaluated by the dynamic calculation. Third, the economics of the TCS system was evaluated. Results show that the round-trip efficiency of the process using R1233zd was 8.77 %, which was slightly lower than that of the process using R245fa (8.84 %). The increases of a turbine inlet temperature led to the increase of heat recovery from the outlet steam of the TCS reactor, meanwhile, the round-trip efficiency decreased. The efficiencies of the cases changing the superheat temperature (5 → 15 °C) were slightly changed (<0.5 %). To achieve high energy efficiencies, a large-scale biomass power plant and a small-fluidized bed volume was effective. It was found that the VRE fluctuation was mostly absorbed by the TCS with a fluidized bed and ORC process. In the economic evaluations, the levelized cost of storage regarding only the TCS system was 0.92–2.37 USD/kWhewhen the charging electricity cost is 0.05 USD/kWhe. LCOS also decreases to 0.50–1.14 USD/kWheif the electricity cost is free during daytime in the future and power output is two times in a day.