XeUS: A second-generation automated open-source batch-mode clinical-scale hyperpolarizer
XeUS: A second-generation automated open-source batch-mode clinical-scale hyperpolarizer
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106813
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Chekmenev, Eduard Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Birchall, Jonathan R.;Irwin, Robert K.;Chekmenev, Eduard Y.
我们提出了第二代开源的自动化批量模式超偏振器129（XeUS GEN-2），设计用于在高自旋密度区域中通过自旋交换光泵浦（SEOP）进行临床规模的超极化（HP）的HPLC-129生产（0.66- 2.5atm分压）和共振光子通量（类似于170 W，Δ λ = 0.154nm FWHM），而不需要通常由连续流超偏振器采用的低温收集。Arduino微控制器用于超偏振器操作。采用处理开源软件来编程定制的图形用户界面（GUI），能够远程自动化。Arduino集成开发环境（IDE）用于设计各种定制的自动化序列，如温度斜坡，NMR信号采集和SEOP单元重新填充，以提高可靠性。配备有热电冷却器/加热器的聚碳酸酯3D打印烘箱为二元（氦气/N-2）和三元（含He-4）SEOP电池气体混合物的SEOP提供热稳定性。定量研究表明，近单位极化的超极化过程中，可以实现在0.5 L的SEOP细胞。例如，在0.66大气压下达到93.2 +/- 2.9%的% P-P-129，极化建立速率常数γ（SEOP）= 0.040 +/- 0.005 min（-1），给出近似于0.11 L/h 100%超极化、100%富集的P-P-129的最大剂量当量;在1.75大气压下达到72.6 +/- 1.4%的% P-P，伽马（SEOP）为0.041 +/- 0.001 min（-1），产生相应的最大剂量当量为0.27 L/h。对该设备的质量保证研究已经证明了重新填充SEOP电池数百次而性能没有显著损失的潜力，平均% P-P = 71.7%，（标准偏差σ（P）= 1.52%）和平均极化寿命T-1 = 90.5分钟，（标准偏差σ（T）= 10.3min），在进一步类似于700次再填充时保持足够的性能。这些发现突出了许多技术发展，并对有效生产用于临床成像和生物传感技术的气态HP 129造影剂具有重要的转化相关性。(C)2020爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
We present a second-generation open-source automated batch-mode Xe-129 hyperpolarizer (XeUS GEN-2), designed for clinical-scale hyperpolarized (HP) Xe-129 production via spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) in the regimes of high Xe density (0.66-2.5 atm partial pressure) and resonant photon flux (similar to 170 W, Delta lambda = 0.154 nm FWHM), without the need for cryo-collection typically employed by continuous-flow hyperpolarizers. An Arduino micro-controller was used for hyperpolarizer operation. Processing open-source software was employed to program a custom graphical user interface (GUI), capable of remote automation. The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) was used to design a variety of customized automation sequences such as temperature ramping, NMR signal acquisition, and SEOP cell refilling for increased reliability. A polycarbonate 3D-printed oven equipped with a thermoelectric cooler/heater provides thermal stability for SEOP for both binary (Xe/N-2) and ternary (He-4-containing) SEOP cell gas mixtures. Quantitative studies of the Xe-129 hyperpolarization process demonstrate that near-unity polarization can be achieved in a 0.5 L SEOP cell. For example, %P-Xe of 93.2 +/- 2.9% is achieved at 0.66 atm Xe pressure with polarization build-up rate constant gamma(SEOP) = 0.040 +/- 0.005 min(-1), giving a max dose equivalent approximate to 0.11 L/h 100% hyperpolarized, 100% enriched Xe-129; %P-Xe of 72.6 +/- 1.4% is achieved at 1.75 atm Xe pressure with gamma(SEOP) of 0.041 +/- 0.001 min(-1), yielding a corresponding max dose equivalent of 0.27 L/h. Quality assurance studies on this device have demonstrated the potential to refill SEOP cells hundreds of times without significant losses in performance, with average %P-Xe = 71.7%, (standard deviation sigma(P) = 1.52%) and mean polarization lifetime T-1 = 90.5 min, (standard deviation sigma(T) = 10.3 min) over the first similar to 200 gas mixture refills, with sufficient performance maintained across a further similar to 700 refills. These findings highlight numerous technological developments and have significant translational relevance for efficient production of gaseous HP Xe-129 contrast agents for use in clinical imaging and bio-sensing techniques. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.