The social functions of babbling: acoustic and contextual characteristics that facilitate maternal responsiveness
The social functions of babbling: acoustic and contextual characteristics that facilitate maternal responsiveness
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DOI：
10.1111/desc.12641
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Goldstein, Michael H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albert, Rachel R.;Schwade, Jennifer A.;Goldstein, Michael H.
咿呀学语的社会功能是什么？语言前发声的一个重要功能可能是以促进婴儿自己学习言语和语言的方式引发父母的行为。婴儿使用父母的反馈，他们的咿呀学语学习新的声音形式，但父母的反应咿呀学语的微观结构还没有研究。为了能够精确地操纵可能影响母亲行为的近端婴儿线索，我们使用了回放范式来评估母亲对预先录制的不熟悉婴儿的不哭语前发声和动作的视听剪辑的反应。声学特性和发声的方向性进行了操纵，以测试其在构建社会交往的功效。我们还比较了母亲的反应，在播放范式和自由发挥自己的婴儿。母亲的反应模式，咿呀学语是稳定的，在这两个任务。在回放任务中，我们发现特定的声音线索，如共振的程度和辅音-元音音节的过渡时间，预测偶然的母亲的反应。针对物体的发声也促进了反应的增加。母亲表现出的反应，如敏感的语言和声音模仿，是众所周知的，以促进声乐学习和发展。婴儿，通过影响他们的照顾者的行为与他们的牙牙学语，创造社会互动，促进自己的沟通发展。
What is the social function of babbling? An important function of prelinguistic vocalizing may be to elicit parental behavior in ways that facilitate the infant's own learning about speech and language. Infants use parental feedback to their babbling to learn new vocal forms, but the microstructure of parental responses to babbling has not been studied. To enable precise manipulation of the proximal infant cues that may influence maternal behavior, we used a playback paradigm to assess mothers' responsiveness to prerecorded audiovisual clips of unfamiliar infants' noncry prelinguistic vocalizations and actions. Acoustic characteristics and directedness of vocalizations were manipulated to test their efficacy in structuring social interactions. We also compared maternal responsiveness in the playback paradigm and in free play with their own infants. Maternal patterns of reactions to babbling were stable across both tasks. In the playback task, we found specific vocal cues, such as the degree of resonance and the transition timing of consonant-vowel syllables, predicted contingent maternal responding. Vocalizations directed at objects also facilitated increased responsiveness. The responses mothers exhibited, such as sensitive speech and vocal imitation, are known to facilitate vocal learning and development. Infants, by influencing the behavior of their caregivers with their babbling, create social interactions that facilitate their own communicative development.