Nonsuicidal self-injury and suicidal behavior: a latent class analysis among young adults.
Nonsuicidal self-injury and suicidal behavior: a latent class analysis among young adults.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0059955
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Willoughby T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hamza CA;Willoughby T
尽管研究者普遍认为非自杀性自伤与自杀行为风险增加有关，但很少有人关注自杀风险在个体自伤中是否存在差异。为了确定有自伤史的个体最容易发生自杀行为，我们在有自伤史的年轻成人样本中检查了自伤和自杀行为的个体差异（N = 439, Mage = 19.1）。参与者完成了评估自伤、自杀行为和心理社会适应（如抑郁症状、日常烦恼）的自我报告测量。我们使用自伤和自杀行为的几个特征作为类别指标进行了潜在类别分析。将个体分为3个亚组：1)不常自伤/不高风险自杀行为组，2)常自伤/不高风险自杀行为组，3)常自伤/高风险自杀行为组。后续分析表明，“频繁自伤/自杀行为高风险”组的个体符合高自杀风险的临床临界值，与其他两类相比，他们报告的自杀意念、企图和未来自杀行为的风险水平明显更高。因此，本研究首次确定了频繁使用多种自伤方式的个体在自杀风险方面的差异。与其他两类以及一组没有受伤的年轻人相比，第三类的心理社会障碍水平也更高。结果强调了在评估自杀行为风险时评估自伤特征和心理社会障碍的个体差异的重要性。
Although there is a general consensus among researchers that engagement in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is associated with increased risk for suicidal behavior, little attention has been given to whether suicidal risk varies among individuals engaging in NSSI. To identify individuals with a history of NSSI who are most at risk for suicidal behavior, we examined individual variability in both NSSI and suicidal behavior among a sample of young adults with a history of NSSI (N = 439, Mage = 19.1). Participants completed self-report measures assessing NSSI, suicidal behavior, and psychosocial adjustment (e.g., depressive symptoms, daily hassles). We conducted a latent class analysis using several characteristics of NSSI and suicidal behaviors as class indicators. Three subgroups of individuals were identified: 1) an infrequent NSSI/not high risk for suicidal behavior group, 2) a frequent NSSI/not high risk for suicidal behavior group, and 3) a frequent NSSI/high risk for suicidal behavior group. Follow-up analyses indicated that individuals in the ‘frequent NSSI/high risk for suicidal behavior’ group met the clinical-cut off score for high suicidal risk and reported significantly greater levels of suicidal ideation, attempts, and risk for future suicidal behavior as compared to the other two classes. Thus, this study is the first to identity variability in suicidal risk among individuals engaging in frequent and multiple methods of NSSI. Class 3 was also differentiated by higher levels of psychosocial impairment relative to the other two classes, as well as a comparison group of non-injuring young adults. Results underscore the importance of assessing individual differences in NSSI characteristics, as well as psychosocial impairment, when assessing risk for suicidal behavior.
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