Economic Reform in New Zealand 1984-95: The Pursuit of Efficiency

Economic Reform in New Zealand 1984-95: The Pursuit of Efficiency
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1984-95 年新西兰经济改革：追求效率

DOI：
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Wilkinson
B. Wilkinson
中科院分区：
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文献类型：
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作者：
L. Evans;A. Grimes;B. Wilkinson

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1984年至1995年，新西兰从一个封闭和中央控制的经济体转变为经合组织中最开放的国家之一。使经济自由化的改革以其非常全面的覆盖面和创新而闻名，其中包括：高级公务员和中央银行的业绩合同、以权责发生制会计为基础的对财政支出决定的立法限制、税收中性、无补贴农业以及没有针对具体行业的竞争监管。现代微观经济学对政策设计做出了很大贡献。自1991年以来，经济增长一直很强劲，但不同的改革顺序可能会提高结果。
Between 1984 and 1995 New Zealand changed from a closed and centrally controlled economy to one of the most open countries in the OECD. The reforms liberalizing the economy were notable for their very comprehensive coverage and innovations that included: performance contracts for senior civil servants and the central bank, legislated constraints on fiscal expenditure decisions backed by accrual accounting, tax neutrality, subsidy-free agriculture, and no industry-specific regulation of competition. Modern microeconomics contributed much to policy design. Economic growth has been vigorous since 1991, but a different sequencing of reforms may have enhanced outcomes.