Evolutionary and phenotypic analysis of live virus isolates suggests arthropod origin of a pathogenic RNA virus family
Evolutionary and phenotypic analysis of live virus isolates suggests arthropod origin of a pathogenic RNA virus family
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1502036112
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发表时间：
2015-06-16
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Junglen, Sandra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Marklewitz, Marco;Zirkel, Florian;Junglen, Sandra
虫媒病毒的进化起源是未知的，因为它们典型的双宿主向性在病毒家族中是并系的。在这里，我们研究了最多样化和医学相关的RNA病毒家族之一，布尼亚病毒科，其中四个五个已建立的属由节肢动物传播。我们根据从蚊子中分离的26种病毒株（Jonchet病毒[JONV]，8株; Ferak病毒[FERV]，18株），定义了两个基本新颖的布尼亚病毒组。这两种病毒都不能在脊椎动物典型的温度下复制，但在昆虫细胞中有效复制。复制涉及病毒体正义RNA（vRNA）和mRNA的形成，包括夺帽活性。SDS/PAGE、质谱和Edman降解鉴定了对应于病毒体相关RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶蛋白（RdRp）、糖蛋白前体蛋白、糖蛋白Gn和Gc以及推定的非结构蛋白NS和NSm的翻译产物。不同的病毒粒子形态表明了古老的进化分歧，FERV具有布尼亚病毒典型形态（60-120 nm的球体），而JONV具有不寻常的双形态（60 x 600 nm的管状病毒粒子和80 nm的球体）。这两种病毒与所有其他布尼亚病毒的遗传距离相等，表明
The evolutionary origins of arboviruses are unknown because their typical dual host tropism is paraphyletic within viral families. Here we studied one of the most diversified and medically relevant RNA virus families, the Bunyaviridae, in which four of five established genera are transmitted by arthropods. We define two cardinally novel bunyavirus groups based on live isolation of 26 viral strains from mosquitoes (Jonchet virus [JONV], eight strains; Ferak virus [FERV], 18 strains). Both viruses were incapable of replicating at vertebrate-typical temperatures but replicated efficiently in insect cells. Replication involved formation of virion-sense RNA (vRNA) and mRNA, including cap-snatching activity. SDS/PAGE, mass spectrometry, and Edman degradation identified translation products corresponding to virion-associated RNA-dependent RNA polymerase protein (RdRp), glycoprotein precursor protein, glycoproteins Gn and Gc, as well as putative nonstructural proteins NSs and NSm. Distinct virion morphologies suggested ancient evolutionary divergence, with bunyavirus-typical morphology for FERV (spheres of 60-120 nm) as opposed to an unusual bimorphology for JONV (tubular virions of 60 x 600 nm and spheres of 80 nm). Both viruses were genetically equidistant from all other bunyaviruses, showing