Experience and geometry: controlled-rearing studies with chicks
Experience and geometry: controlled-rearing studies with chicks
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DOI：
10.1007/s10071-009-0297-x
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Vallortigara, Giorgio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chiandetti, Cinzia;Vallortigara, Giorgio
动物可以利用环境的几何形状重新定向，即，使用表面的感觉和度量属性。出生后不久饲养的动物，无论是在圆形或矩形的外壳（从而提供不同的经验与度量的空间布局）表现出类似的能力时，测试的空间重新定位在一个矩形的外壳。因此，在具有不同几何特征的环境中的早期经验似乎并不影响动物使用感觉和度量信息重新定向的能力。然而，一些结果似乎表明，当几何和非几何信息设置在冲突中，养育经验可能会影响相对优势的特征（地标）和几何信息。在三个独立的实验中，饲养在圆形或矩形的家庭笼子里的新生小鸡进行了测试，在矩形外壳的空间重新定位，与功能信息提供的面板在角落或蓝色的墙壁。在测试中，当面对仿射变换的安排与几何信息的特征信息，对比，小鸡没有表现出任何影响的早期经验，他们的相对使用的几何和特征信息的空间重定向的证据。这些发现表明，至少对于这种高度早熟的物种来说，处理几何图形的能力似乎更多地取决于预先设置的机制，而不是孵化后的学习和经验。
Animals can reorient making use of the geometric shape of an environment, i.e., using sense and metric properties of surfaces. Animals reared soon after birth either in circular or in rectangular enclosures (and thus affording different experiences with metric properties of the spatial layout) showed similar abilities when tested for spatial reorientation in a rectangular enclosure. Thus, early experience in environments with different geometric characteristics does not seem to affect animals' ability to reorient using sense and metric information. However, some results seem to suggest that when geometric and non-geometric information are set in conflict, rearing experience could affect the relative dominance of featural (landmark) and geometric information. In three separate experiments, newborn chicks reared either in circular- or in rectangular-shaped home-cages were tested for spatial reorientation in a rectangular enclosure, with featural information provided either by panels at the corners or by a blue-coloured wall. At test, when faced with affine transformations in the arrangement of featural information that contrasted with the geometric information, chicks showed no evidence of any effect of early experience on their relative use of geometric and featural information for spatial reorientation. These findings suggest that, at least for this highly precocial species, the ability to deal with geometry seems to depend more on predisposed mechanisms than on learning and experience after hatching.