Novel scintillators and silicon photomultipliers for nuclear physics and applications
Novel scintillators and silicon photomultipliers for nuclear physics and applications
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用于核物理和应用的新型闪烁体和硅光电倍增管
DOI：
10.1088/1742-6596/620/1/012001
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jenkins D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jenkins D
直到最近，闪烁体探测器还被视为核物理的老式工具，更多的注意力集中在使用高纯度锗探测器进行伽马射线跟踪等领域。下一代闪烁体探测器，例如溴化镧，是为空间科学和伽马射线望远镜的需求而开发的，被发现对低能核物理具有很强的适用性。它们出色的定时分辨率使它们非常适合快速定时测量，并且与传统闪烁体相比，其能量分辨率大大提高，有望为目前难以实现的核物理研究开辟新途径。这种“中等分辨率”光谱在当代感兴趣的几个领域（例如核巨共振的研究）具有广泛的兴趣。除了与空间科学的联系之外，令人惊讶的是，当代医学成像的需求与实验核物理的需求有很强的重叠性。一个例子是对 PET-MRI 组合成像的兴趣，它需要将闪烁体探测器置于高磁场环境中。这导致了硅光电倍增管领域的巨大进步，硅光电倍增管是对磁场不敏感的光电倍增管的固态替代品。可以预见该技术将在核物理领域得到广泛应用。
Until comparatively recently, scintillator detectors were seen as an old-fashioned tool of nuclear physics with more attention being given to areas such as gamma-ray tracking using high-purity germanium detectors. Next-generation scintillator detectors, such as lanthanum bromide, which were developed for the demands of space science and gamma-ray telescopes, are found to have strong applicability to low energy nuclear physics. Their excellent timing resolution makes them very suitable for fast timing measurements and their much improved energy resolution compared to conventional scintillators promises to open up new avenues in nuclear physics research which were presently hard to access. Such" medium-resolution" spectroscopy has broad interest across several areas of contemporary interest such as the study of nuclear giant resonances. In addition to the connections to space science, it is striking that the demands of contemporary medical imaging have strong overlap with those of experimental nuclear physics. An example is the interest in PET-MRI combined imaging which requires putting scintillator detectors in a high magnetic field environment. This has led to strong advances in the area of silicon photomultipliers, a solid-state replacement for photomultiplier tubes, which are insensitive to magnetic fields. Broad application to nuclear physics of this technology may be foreseen.