The Future of "Omics" in Hypertension.
The Future of "Omics" in Hypertension.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cjca.2016.11.023
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发表时间：
2017-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Delles C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Currie G;Delles C
尽管经过几十年的研究和临床实践，高血压的发病机制仍不完全清楚，血压往往处于次优控制状态。“OMICS”技术允许描述大量的分子特征，并有可能识别有助于血压调节的新因素及其如何相互作用。本文就基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学在揭示高血压的病理生理学和诊断、预测器官损伤和治疗反应、监测治疗效果等方面的作用作一综述。在基因组学领域已经取得了实质性的进展，其中全基因组关联研究已经确定了与血压相关的单核苷酸多态，测序研究(特别是在继发性高血压中)发现了新的调节途径。相比之下，其他组学技术尽管能够提供对生物体生理状态的详细洞察，但直到最近才显示出它们对高血压研究和临床实践的影响。目前的蛋白质组学研究大多集中于高血压引起的器官损害，有可能帮助我们了解血压和器官衰竭之间的联系，也可以作为早期发现脑血管或冠状动脉疾病的生物标志物。例子包括早期发现左心功能不全或蛋白尿的征象。代谢组学研究具有整合环境因素和内在因素的潜力，特别适合于监测治疗反应。我们讨论了高血压组学研究的例子，并探索了与这些新技术相关的挑战。
Despite decades of research and clinical practice, the pathogenesis of hypertension remains incompletely understood, and blood pressure is often suboptimally controlled. “Omics” technologies allow the description of a large number of molecular features and have the potential to identify new factors that contribute to blood pressure regulation and how they interact. In this review, we focus on the potential of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics and explore their roles in unraveling the pathophysiology and diagnosis of hypertension, the prediction of organ damage and treatment response, and monitoring treatment effect. Substantial progress has been made in the area of genomics, in which genome-wide association studies have identified > 50 blood pressure–related, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and sequencing studies (especially in secondary forms of hypertension) have discovered novel regulatory pathways. In contrast, other omics technologies, despite their ability to provide detailed insights into the physiological state of an organism, have only more recently demonstrated their impact on hypertension research and clinical practice. The majority of current proteomic studies focus on organ damage resulting from hypertension and may have the potential to help us understand the link between blood pressure and organ failure but also serve as biomarkers for early detection of cerebrovascular or coronary disease. Examples include signatures for early detection of left ventricular dysfunction or albuminuria. Metabolomic studies have the potential to integrate environmental and intrinsic factors and are particularly suited to monitor the response to treatment. We discuss examples of omics studies in hypertension and explore the challenges related to these novel technologies.