Competencies necessary for becoming a leader in the field of community medicine: a Japanese qualitative interview study.
Competencies necessary for becoming a leader in the field of community medicine: a Japanese qualitative interview study.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020082
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发表时间：
2018-04-17
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Yoshida M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kainuma M;Kikukawa M;Nagata M;Yoshida M
澄清纳入我们的课程，重点是发展社区医学领导者的能力。定性访谈研究。日本所有六个地区，包括城市和农村地区。19名医生（男：18岁，女：1）在社区中发挥重要领导作用的人参加了半结构化访谈（平均年龄48.3岁，范围34-59;平均临床经验年数23.1年，范围9-31）。前两位作者进行了半结构化采访，并对笔录进行了独立分析和编码。第三和第四作者讨论并同意或不同意结果，以达成共识。医生招募的最大变异抽样，直到达到主题饱和。出现了六个主题：（1）“医疗能力”：除了基本的医疗问题外，还包括心理问题和疑难病例。高的医疗能力给其他医疗专业人员带来信心。(2)“长期视角”：发展长期、全面的愿景，并不断努力实现愿景的能力。培养下一代的医生。(3)“团队建设”：推动包括居民和当地政府工作人员在内的方案的能力，阐明愿景，沟通和接受其他医疗专业人员。(4)“谈判能力”：与他人谈判以确保方案和愿景顺利进行的能力（5）“管理能力”：经营诊所、医疗单位或医疗协会的能力。(6)“享受自己”：医生需要感受到社区医学的吸引力，这对他们来说既有趣又具有挑战性。我们发现了社区医学领域领导者所需的六种能力。这项研究的结果将有助于设计一个课程，发展这样的领导者。
To clarify competencies for inclusion in our curriculum that focuses on developing leaders in community medicine. Qualitative interview study. All six regions of Japan, including urban and rural areas. Nineteen doctors (male: 18, female: 1) who play an important leadership role in their communities participated in semistructured interviews (mean age 48.3 years, range 34–59; mean years of clinical experience 23.1 years, range 9–31). Semistructured interviews were held and transcripts were independently analysed and coded by the first two authors. The third and fourth authors discussed and agreed or disagreed with the results to give a consensus agreement. Doctors were recruited by maximum variation sampling until thematic saturation was achieved. Six themes emerged: (1)‘Medical ability’: includes psychological issues and difficult cases in addition to basic medical problems. High medical ability gives confidence to other medical professionals. (2)‘Long term perspective’: the ability to develop a long-term, comprehensive vision and to continuously work to achieve the vision. Cultivation of future generations of doctors is included. (3) ‘Team building’:the ability to drive forward programmes that include residents and local government workers, to elucidate a vision, to communicate and to accept other medical professionals. (4)‘Ability to negotiate’: the ability to negotiate with others to ensure that programmes and visions progress smoothly (5) ‘Management ability’: the ability to run a clinic, medical unit or medical association. (6) ‘Enjoying oneself’: doctors need to feel an attraction to community medicine, that it be fun and challenging for them. We found six competencies that are needed by leaders in the field of community medicine. The results of this study will contribute to designing a curriculum that develops such leaders.
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