9: Integrating Findings: The Meta-Analysis of Research
9: Integrating Findings: The Meta-Analysis of Research
复制标题
9：整合研究结果：研究的荟萃分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
1977
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Glass
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Glass
Maccoby和Jacklin(1974)对性别差异心理学研究的回顾涵盖了1973年前出版的1600部作品。考虑到1973年以来关于这一主题的文献，以及许多其他不是专门关注性别差异的研究可能包含关于这个问题的数据，可以想象有超过5000项关于性别差异的研究。有几十个教育问题的研究文献由数百篇文章组成：能力分组、阅读教学、程序化学习、教学电视、整合等等。教育研究与评估是一项规模庞大、分布广泛的事业。在重要问题上，它在不到五年的时间里完成了数百项研究。所使用的研究方法、所采取的测量方法、研究对象的类型--尽管主题是相同的，但每一项都可能有所不同。教育和社会科学的研究事业是一个粗制滥造、五花八门、规模巨大的事业。确定这个企业在某个问题上产生了什么知识本身就是一项真正重要的学术努力。研究整合风格的演变是由研究文献的大小决定的。在20世纪40年代和50年代，一位为《教育研究评论》或《心理学公报》撰稿的评论家可能会找到一到二十多篇关于同一主题的研究。对如此少的研究进行叙事性、修辞性的整合可能是令人满意的。到了20世纪60年代末，这项研究
Maccoby and Jacklin's (1974) review of research on the psychology of sex differences encompassed 1,600 works published before 1973. Considering the literature on that topic since 1973, and the fact that many other studies that are not focused specifically on sex differences may contain data on the question, a population of over 5,000 studies on sex differences can be imagined. There are dozens of educational problems on which the research literature is comprised of several hundred articles: ability grouping, reading instruction, programmed learning, instructional television, integration, and so on. Educational research and evaluation is a large and widely scattered enterprise. On problems of importance, it produces literally hundreds of studies in less than five years. The research techniques used, the measurements taken, the types of person studied—all may vary from one st;udy to the next, even though the topic is the same. The research enterprise in education and the social sciences is a rough-hewn, variegated undertaking of huge proportions. Determining what knowledge this enterprise has produced on some question is itself a genuinely important scholarly endeavor. The evolution of style of research integration has been shaped by the size of the research literature. In the 1940s and 1950s, a reviewer contributing to the Review of Educational Research or Psychological Bulletin might find one or two dozen studies on a topic. A narrative, rhetorical integration of so few studies was probably satisfactory. By the late 1960s, the research