Cognitive performance effects of subcutaneous nicotine in smokers and never-smokers
Cognitive performance effects of subcutaneous nicotine in smokers and never-smokers
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02805972
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发表时间：
1996-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Russell, MAH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foulds, J;Stapleton, J;Russell, MAH
在一项双盲安慰剂对照交叉研究中，比较了两种剂量的皮下尼古丁和生理盐水对18名戒烟者和18名从不吸烟者的一系列性能指标的影响。每例受试者在三个疗程内以平衡顺序接受两次生理盐水、0.3 mg尼古丁或0.6 mg尼古丁注射（间隔40分钟）。在注射前和注射后，对9项测试[新闻回忆、斯滕贝格记忆任务、手指敲击、逻辑推理、快速视觉信息处理（RVIP）、长期单词识别、数字回忆、Stroop测试和临界闪烁融合阈值]的表现进行评估。在戒烟的吸烟者中，尼古丁在逻辑推理测试中产生了更快的正确反应，更多的目标命中，更快的反应时间和更高的RVIP任务敏感性，以及更多的正确反应。在从不吸烟的人中，尼古丁在RVIP和数字回忆任务中产生了更快的反应时间，尽管在后一种情况下，这是以更少的正确反应为代价的。两组对尼古丁的反应没有显著差异，但吸烟者在注射前的表现比从不吸烟者差，即使控制了背景特征。这些结果与最近的其他研究一致，表明尼古丁在增强认知能力方面的主要作用。
In a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study the effects of two doses of subcutaneous nicotine and saline were compared on a range of performance measures in 18 abstaining smokers and 18 never-smokers. Each subject received two injections (40 min apart) of saline, 0.3 mg nicotine, or 0.6 mg nicotine in a balanced order over three sessions. Performance was assessed before and after the injections on nine tests [news recall, Sternberg memory task, finger tapping, logical reasoning, rapid visual information processing (RVIP), long-term word recognition, digit recall, Stroop test, and critical flicker fusion threshold]. In the abstinent smokers, nicotine produced significantly faster correct responses on the logical reasoning test, more target hits, faster reaction times and improved sensitivity on the RVIP task, and more correct responses on word recognition. In never-smokers, nicotine produced faster reaction times on the RVIP and digit-recall tasks, although in the latter case this was at the expense of fewer correct responses. There were no significant differences between the two groups' responses to nicotine but smokers performed worse than never-smokers prior to injections, even controlling for background characteristics. These results are consistent with other recent research suggesting a primary effect of nicotine in enhancing cognitive performance.