From Ideas to Efficacy: The ORBIT Model for Developing Behavioral Treatments for Chronic Diseases
From Ideas to Efficacy: The ORBIT Model for Developing Behavioral Treatments for Chronic Diseases
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DOI：
10.1037/hea0000161
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Charlson, Mary E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Czajkowski, Susan M.;Powell, Lynda H.;Charlson, Mary E.
目的：鉴于行为在慢性疾病预防和治疗中的关键作用，加快行为治疗的发展，以改善慢性疾病的预防和结局是很重要的。基础行为科学和社会科学研究的发现为解决基于行为的临床健康问题带来了巨大的希望，但目前还没有确定的途径将基础行为科学发现转化为准备进行III期疗效测试的健康相关治疗。本文提供了一个系统的框架，发展行为治疗预防和治疗慢性疾病。方法：用于行为治疗发展的肥胖相关行为干预试验（ORBIT）模型具有灵活渐进的过程，预先规定了向前运动的临床重要里程碑，并返回到早期阶段进行细化和优化。结果：本文介绍了ORBIT模型的背景和基本原理，总结了每个阶段的关键问题，选择了适合回答这些问题的研究设计和方法，并预先指定了跨阶段向前或向后移动的里程碑。结论：ORBIT模型提供了一种渐进的、与临床相关的方法，以增加预防和治疗慢性病的循证行为治疗的数量。
Objective: Given the critical role of behavior in preventing and treating chronic diseases, it is important to accelerate the development of behavioral treatments that can improve chronic disease prevention and outcomes. Findings from basic behavioral and social sciences research hold great promise for addressing behaviorally based clinical health problems, yet there is currently no established pathway for translating fundamental behavioral science discoveries into health-related treatments ready for Phase III efficacy testing. This article provides a systematic framework for developing behavioral treatments for preventing and treating chronic diseases. Method: The Obesity-Related Behavioral Intervention Trials (ORBIT) model for behavioral treatment development features a flexible and progressive process, prespecified clinically significant milestones for forward movement, and return to earlier stages for refinement and optimization. Results: This article presents the background and rationale for the ORBIT model, a summary of key questions for each phase, a selection of study designs and methodologies well-suited to answering these questions, and prespecified milestones for forward or backward movement across phases. Conclusions: The ORBIT model provides a progressive, clinically relevant approach to increasing the number of evidence-based behavioral treatments available to prevent and treat chronic diseases.