General Formula for the Efficiency of Quantum-Mechanical Analog of the Carnot Engine
General Formula for the Efficiency of Quantum-Mechanical Analog of the Carnot Engine
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DOI：
10.3390/e15041408
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Abe, Sumiyoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abe, Sumiyoshi
本文讨论了在纯态量子力学框架内可逆运行的卡诺热机的模拟。推导出了任意约束势下这种发动机效率的一般公式。它的表达式给出的能谱，并显示了效率如何取决于一个潜在的热力学工作材料的模拟，在一般情况下。这种非普适性是因为在纯态量子力学中不存在类似的热力学第二定律，在纯态量子力学中冯诺依曼熵同样为零。一类特殊的光谱，这导致一个共同的形式的效率，被确定。
An analog of the Carnot engine reversibly operating within the framework of pure-state quantum mechanics is discussed. A general formula is derived for the efficiency of such an engine with an arbitrary confining potential. Its expression is given in terms of an energy spectrum and shows how the efficiency depends on a potential as the analog of a working material in thermodynamics, in general. This non-universal nature results from the fact that there exists no analog of the second law of thermodynamics in pure-state quantum mechanics where the von Neumann entropy identically vanishes. A special class of spectra, which leads to a common form of the efficiency, is identified.