Agroecological prospects of using corn hybrids for biogas production
Agroecological prospects of using corn hybrids for biogas production
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利用玉米杂交种生产沼气的农业生态前景
DOI：
10.15159/ar.20.016
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Mazur
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Myalkovsky;O. M. Alekseev;H. Pantsyreva;V. Mazur;K. Mazur
乌克兰是一个农业国家，沼气生产具有巨大的农业潜力，这是肥沃土壤和包括玉米在内的能源作物有利气候条件的关键。本文分析了乌克兰和世界使用沼气的经验，其生产机制。世界上沼气生产的领导者是欧盟，特别是德国。欧洲的沼气厂总数超过1.1万个，其中德国有7200个。在有机废物的复杂发酵过程中释放的沼气由气体混合物组成：甲烷- 55- 75%，二氧化碳- 23- 33%，硫化氢-7%。介绍了沼气生产中可再生能源的一个重要部门，并确定了其使用前景。分析了我国对进口天然气的能源依存度。利用我们的起重机中取之不尽的可再生能源，探索沼气生产的主要方面，并调查沼气厂的分阶段运行。概述了我国沼气生产和使用的真实的优势。为了检测环境污染，已经证明了旨在开发替代能源的问题。已经确定，在乌克兰，使用玉米青贮饲料来提高现有沼气站的沼气生产效率的方法迄今尚未使用。提高玉米植株产量的问题不仅通过育种和遗传方法得到了证明，而且还通过栽培技术得到了证明。
Ukraine is an agricultural country with great agricultural potential for biogas production, which is the key to fertile soils and favorable climatic conditions for energy crops, including corn. The article analyzes the experience of using biogas in Ukraine and the world, its mechanism of production. The leader in biogas production in the world is the European Union in general and Germany in particular. The total number of biogas plants in Europe exceeds 11 thousand, of which 7.2 thousand in Germany. Іnstalled biogas, which is released in the process of complex fermentation of organic waste, consists of a mixture of gases: methane – 55–75%, carbon dioxide – 23–33%, hydrogen sulfide – 7%. An important sector of renewable energy sources in biogas production is presented and the prospects for its use are determined. The energy dependence of our country on the volumes of imported natural gas is analyzed. The main aspects of biogas production are explored using renewable energy sources that are inexhaustible in our crane and the phased operation of the biogas plant is investigated. The real advantages of the need for biogas production and use in our country are outlined. Problems aimed at the development of alternative energy have been proved in order to detect environmental pollution. It has been established that in Ukraine the use of corn silage to improve the efficiency of biogas production at existing biogas stations has not been used so far. The problems of increasing the yield of corn plants have been proved not only by breeding and genetic methods, but also by cultivation technology.