Conditional genome alteration in mice
Conditional genome alteration in mice
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/(sici)1521-1878(199803)20:3
复制
发表时间：
1998-03
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
C. Lobe;A. Nagy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Lobe;A. Nagy
最近在小鼠身上灭活特定基因的能力极大地提高了我们对正常和疾病过程的分子、细胞甚至行为方面的理解。然而，这种能力也证明了哺乳动物遗传决定的极端复杂性，特别是同一家族或途径中的基因可能在功能上是多余的，并且给定的基因往往具有多种角色。因此，一个基因的失活通常并不意味着它的全部功能。为了绕过这个问题，许多新的工具和经典技术的新应用已经被开发出来，以对基因组改变施加空间和时间限制。这些方法包括嵌合体和镶嵌研究、器官移植、互补分析、显性负突变、条件性基因敲除和谱系特异性基因拯救。这不仅开辟了进行基因组改变的更复杂的方法，还提供了为零星的人类遗传病创建动物模型的机会。《生物文集》20：200-208,1998。©1998 John Wiley&Sons，Inc.
The recent ability to inactivate specific genes in mice has significantly accelerated our understanding of molecular, cellular, and even behavioral aspects of normal and disease processes. However, this ability has also demonstrated the extreme complexity of genetic determination in mammals, in particular, that genes in the same family or pathway can be functionally redundant and that a given gene often has multiple roles. Thus, inactivation of a gene often does not indicate its complete spectrum of functions. To circumvent this problem, many new tools and novel applications of classic techniques have been developed to place spatial and temporal restrictions on the genomic alterations. These approaches include chimera and mosaic studies, organ transplantation, complementation assays, dominant negative mutants, conditional gene knockouts, and lineage‐specific gene rescue. Not only has this opened up more sophisticated ways to make genomic alterations, but it has provided the opportunity to create animal models for sporadic human genetic diseases. BioEssays 20:200–208, 1998. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.