Sex Differences in Cognitive Regulation of Psychosocial Achievement Stress: Brain and Behavior
Sex Differences in Cognitive Regulation of Psychosocial Achievement Stress: Brain and Behavior
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DOI：
10.1002/hbm.22683
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Derntl, Birgit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kogler, Lydia;Gur, Ruben C.;Derntl, Birgit
虽然情绪的认知调节已经被广泛研究，但缺乏对压力成就情境下认知调节的研究。本研究使用功能性磁共振成像在23名女性和20名男性调查认知下调的负面，紧张的感觉，在一个经常使用的心理社会压力任务。此外，主观反应，认知调节策略，唾液皮质醇，皮肤电导反应进行了评估。主观反应支持的实验操作，显示更高的愤怒和负面情绪评级后，压力调节后，比单纯暴露于压力。在神经水平上，右额中回（MFG）和右上级颞回（STG）更强烈地激活在调节过程中比非调节，而海马在调节过程中激活较少。性别差异很明显：在调节后，女性比男性表达更高的主观应激等级，并且这些等级与右侧海马激活相关。在非调节块，女性表现出更大的激活左杏仁核和右STG在压力比男性，而男性招募的壳核更强劲，在这种情况下。因此，认知调节的压力成就的情况下，似乎会引起额外的压力，招募涉及的区域在注意力整合和工作记忆和记忆提取失活。压力本身与女性比男性更大的边缘系统和注意力区域的激活有关。此外，记忆系统在压力认知调节过程中的激活与女性更大的感知压力有关。认知调节策略的性别差异值得进一步研究，以指导应激相关疾病的性别敏感干预。《脑地图》36：1028-1042，2015年。(c)2014 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
Although cognitive regulation of emotion has been extensively examined, there is a lack of studies assessing cognitive regulation in stressful achievement situations. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging in 23 females and 20 males to investigate cognitive downregulation of negative, stressful sensations during a frequently used psychosocial stress task. Additionally, subjective responses, cognitive regulation strategies, salivary cortisol, and skin conductance response were assessed. Subjective response supported the experimental manipulation by showing higher anger and negative affect ratings after stress regulation than after the mere exposure to stress. On a neural level, right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and right superior temporal gyrus (STG) were more strongly activated during regulation than nonregulation, whereas the hippocampus was less activated during regulation. Sex differences were evident: after regulation females expressed higher subjective stress ratings than males, and these ratings were associated with right hippocampal activation. In the nonregulation block, females showed greater activation of the left amygdala and the right STG during stress than males while males recruited the putamen more robustly in this condition. Thus, cognitive regulation of stressful achievement situations seems to induce additional stress, to recruit regions implicated in attention integration and working memory and to deactivate memory retrieval. Stress itself is associated with greater activation of limbic as well as attention areas in females than males. Additionally, activation of the memory system during cognitive regulation of stress is associated with greater perceived stress in females. Sex differences in cognitive regulation strategies merit further investigation that can guide sex sensitive interventions for stress-associated disorders. Hum Brain Mapp 36:1028-1042, 2015.(c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.