EFFECT OF OZONE EXPOSURE ON MAXIMAL AIRWAY NARROWING IN NONASTHMATIC AND ASTHMATIC SUBJECTS
EFFECT OF OZONE EXPOSURE ON MAXIMAL AIRWAY NARROWING IN NONASTHMATIC AND ASTHMATIC SUBJECTS
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DOI：
10.1042/cs0890619
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发表时间：
1995-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
DIJKMAN, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HILTERMANN, TJN;STOLK, J;DIJKMAN, JH
1.臭氧是夏季空气污染的主要成分。流行病学研究表明，在环境臭氧达到峰值水平后1天，因呼吸道疾病住院的人数会增加。这可能是由于气道对支气管收缩刺激的反应性增加。因此，在本研究中，我们研究了控制暴露于臭氧对非特异性支气管收缩剂乙酰甲胆碱暴露后12小时气道狭窄的最大程度的影响。非哮喘和轻度哮喘志愿者都暴露在臭氧中。本研究采用单盲设计。实验暴露分别为过滤空气，0.40 ppm臭氧和过滤空气，在1周的时间间隔。每次暴露的持续时间为2小时，交替休息和运动15分钟。暴露后12 h进行乙酰甲胆碱激发试验和诱导痰试验.与暴露于空气相比，暴露于臭氧12小时后，非哮喘和哮喘受试者中乙酰甲胆碱的气道最大狭窄程度显著增加（P <0.02）。诱导痰中中性粒细胞百分比显著升高（P < 0.02）。在接触臭氧1周后，所有变化都恢复到基线值。在非哮喘和哮喘受试者中，暴露于臭氧会导致乙酰甲胆碱引起的气道最大狭窄程度的短暂增加。这些实验室结果，使用相对较高的臭氧暴露在精心挑选的科目，可能会提供一个解释的时间关系之间的环境臭氧水平和入院治疗哮喘。
1. Ozone is a major constituent of air pollution in the summer. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that there is an increase in hospital admissions for respiratory diseases 1 day after peak levels of ambient ozone. This may be due to an increase in the responsiveness of the airways to bronchoconstrictor stimuli.2. In the present study we therefore studied the effect of a controlled exposure to ozone on the maximal degree of airway narrowing to a non-specific bronchoconstrictor, methacholine, 12 h after exposure. Both non-asthmatic and mild-asthmatic volunteers were exposed to ozone.3. The study had a single blind design. Experimental exposures were to filtered air, 0.40 ppm ozone and filtered air respectively, at 1-week intervals. The duration of each exposure was 2 h with alternating periods of 15 min rest and exercise. At 12 h after exposure, methacholine inhalation challenge tests and sputum induction were performed.4. Twelve hours after exposure to ozone there was a significant increase in the maximal degree of airway narrowing to methacholine (P < 0,02) compared with exposure to air, in non-asthmatic as well as asthmatic subjects. These physiological changes were accompanied by a significant rise in the percentage of neutrophils in induced sputum (P < 0.02). All changes had returned to baseline values 1 week after exposure to ozone.5. Exposure to ozone causes a transient increase in the maximal degree of airway narrowing to methacholine in both non-asthmatic and asthmatic subjects. These laboratory results, obtained using relatively high ozone exposure in carefully selected subjects, might provide an explanation for the temporal relationship between ambient ozone levels and hospital admissions for asthma.