Odor tracking in aquatic organisms: the importance of temporal and spatial intermittency of the turbulent plume
Odor tracking in aquatic organisms: the importance of temporal and spatial intermittency of the turbulent plume
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-64766-y
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发表时间：
2020-05-14
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Reidenbach, Matthew A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michaelis, Brenden T.;Leathers, Kyle W.;Reidenbach, Matthew A.
在水生和陆生环境中，气味物质被水流分散，产生空间和时间复杂的浓度分布。因此，在羽流中航行的动物必须依靠间歇性的、随时间变化的信息来找到来源。导航通常被作为一个空间信息问题进行研究，目的是向更高的平均浓度移动。然而，如果没有羽流的时间动态信息，仅凭这种空间信息不足以解释许多动物跟踪气味的准确性和速度。最近的研究已经确定了一个亚群的嗅觉受体神经元（ORN），包括内在的节奏活性的'爆裂' ORN（BORN）在龙虾，Panulirus argus。作为一个群体，BORN提供了一种神经机制，专门用于编码气味接触之间的时间。使用数值模拟的大规模羽流，龙虾被用来作为一个框架，构建一个计算机模型来研究的实用程序的不稳定性内的羽流定向。研究结果表明，羽流不透明性是可靠的检测时，采样模拟气味的顺序为秒，并提供了最多的信息时，动物搜索沿着羽边缘。时间和空间的变化，可预测的结构上的尺度相关的搜索动物，利用BORN编码的嗅觉信息，因此是合适的和有用的导航提示。
In aquatic and terrestrial environments, odorants are dispersed by currents that create concentration distributions that are spatially and temporally complex. Animals navigating in a plume must therefore rely upon intermittent, and time-varying information to find the source. Navigation has typically been studied as a spatial information problem, with the aim of movement towards higher mean concentrations. However, this spatial information alone, without information of the temporal dynamics of the plume, is insufficient to explain the accuracy and speed of many animals tracking odors. Recent studies have identified a subpopulation of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) that consist of intrinsically rhythmically active 'bursting' ORNs (bORNs) in the lobster, Panulirus argus. As a population, bORNs provide a neural mechanism dedicated to encoding the time between odor encounters. Using a numerical simulation of a large-scale plume, the lobster is used as a framework to construct a computer model to examine the utility of intermittency for orienting within a plume. Results show that plume intermittency is reliably detectable when sampling simulated odorants on the order of seconds, and provides the most information when animals search along the plume edge. Both the temporal and spatial variation in intermittency is predictably structured on scales relevant for a searching animal that encodes olfactory information utilizing bORNs, and therefore is suitable and useful as a navigational cue.