Restoring Brazilian savanna ground layer vegetation by topsoil and hay transfer
Restoring Brazilian savanna ground layer vegetation by topsoil and hay transfer
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通过表土和干草转移恢复巴西稀树草原地层植被
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Durigan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Pilon;E. Buisson;G. Durigan
热带草地生物群落的保护被广泛忽视，在土地利用转变后，生态恢复变得迫在眉睫。大多数干预措施都是基于对森林恢复技术的误用，因为没有经过验证的技术来恢复物种丰富的地面层。为了寻找恢复塞拉多植被草本层的创新技术，我们在巴西<s:1>圣保罗州进行了一项基于表土和干草转移的实验。修复措施为：(1)旱季末收集表土进行转移；(2)雨季结束时收集的表土；(3)转移旱季结束时收集的干草；(4)表土+干季末收集的干草；(5)控制。我们以一个古老的草地为材料来源，作为参考生态系统，评估了在非洲草入侵后严重退化的地区应用恢复技术的效果。211 d后，干草转移明显抑制了种子萌发，对草地植被恢复没有贡献。然而，表土转移在重新引入草本植物（包括目标物种）方面是有效的。表层土收集的季节很重要：在雨季结束时收集的材料在恢复群落的密度和丰富度方面比在旱季收集的材料更好。剩下的挑战是找到表土的来源，不被外来的草入侵，数量足够大，以支持恢复计划，而不危及源生态系统。
Tropical grassy biomes have been widely neglected for conservation and, after unplanned land use conversion, ecological restoration becomes urgent. The majority of interventions have been based on the misapplication of forest restoration techniques, because there are no validated techniques to restore the species‐rich ground layer. In search for innovative techniques to restore the herbaceous layer of the cerrado vegetation, we carried out an experiment based upon topsoil and hay transfer, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The restoration treatments were: (1) transfer of topsoil collected at the end of the dry season; (2) topsoil collected at the end of the rainy season; (3) transfer of hay collected at the end of the dry season; (4) topsoil + hay collected at the end of the dry season; and (5) control. We used an old‐growth grassland as source of material and as reference ecosystem to assess the efficacy of the restoration techniques applied to an area severely degraded after invasion by African grasses. After 211 days, hay transfer apparently inhibited germination and did not contribute to grassland vegetation recovery. Topsoil transfer, however, was effective at reintroducing herbaceous plants, including target species. The season of topsoil collection mattered: material collected at the end of the rainy season provided better results in terms of density and richness of the restored community than that from the dry season. The remaining challenge is to find sources of topsoil not invaded by exotic grasses in large enough amounts to support restoration initiatives without jeopardizing the source ecosystems.