EFFECTS OF PRACTICE ON COMPONENT PROCESSES IN COMPLEX MENTAL ADDITION
EFFECTS OF PRACTICE ON COMPONENT PROCESSES IN COMPLEX MENTAL ADDITION
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.19.2.433
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发表时间：
1993-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
GEARY, DC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FRENSCH, PA;GEARY, DC
两个实验考察了任务练习对复杂加法问题心理解决过程中的组成过程的执行速度的影响。实验一对被试的反应时进行了序列分析，结果表明，任务练习量对搬运的成分加工有可靠的影响。与此相反，编码个位数和检索正确的柱状答案从长期记忆的组件过程似乎没有受到影响的任务实践量。计算可行性检验表明，练习效果的特异性可以用两种不同的学习机制来解释：强化和合成。实验2A和2B的结果支持一种成分解释。我们的结论是，实验1中的差异实践效果可能是由于复杂的心理加法的组成过程的差异组成。
Two experiments examined the effects of task practice on the speed of executing the component processes underlying the mental solution of complex addition problems. Componential analyses of Ss' response times in Experiment 1 demonstrated that the component process of carrying was reliably affected by amount of task practice. In contrast, the component processes of encoding single digits and of retrieving correct columnar answers from long-term memory appeared not to have been affected by amount of task practice. Computational feasibility checks indicated that the specificity of the practice effects could be explained by 2 distinct learning mechanisms: strengthening and composition. Results of Experiments 2A and 2B favor a composition explanation. We conclude that the differential practice effects in Experiment 1 are probably due to differential composition of component processes underlying complex mental addition.