Permissible concentrations of arsenic and lead in soils based on risk assessment
Permissible concentrations of arsenic and lead in soils based on risk assessment
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1005028905396
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发表时间：
1999-07-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Miller, WP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dudka, S;Miller, WP
由于这些金属的毒性、其广泛的污染以及可用于修复受污染土壤的资源有限，确定土壤中砷和铅的允许浓度具有实际意义。 USEPA 风险评估路径方法用于评估与土壤中砷和铅相关的环境危害，并评估受污染土壤中这些金属的安全浓度。使用土壤飞灰-生物固体混合物进行的大规模现场实验的结果用作输入数据，以分析污染物向目标生物体最强烈转移的途径。儿童直接摄入土壤（土壤-人类途径）被认为是接触土壤砷和铅的最重要途径。保守的风险分析表明，土壤中的砷浓度可以达到40μg·g(-1)，而不会对暴露的生物体造成危害。根据直接土壤摄入暴露模型评估，土壤中Pb浓度高达300μg g(-1)不会导致人类过量摄入Pb。
Establishing permissible concentrations for As and Pb in soils is of practical importance because of toxicity of these metals, their widespread contamination, and limited resources available for remediation of contaminated soils. The USEPA pathway approach to risk assessment was used to assess an environmental hazard related to As and Pb in soils and to evaluate safe concentrations of these metals in contaminated soil. The results from large-scale field experiments with soil fly ash-biosolids blends were used as input data to analyze pathways of the most intense transfer of the contaminants to a target organism. A direct soil ingestion by children (the soil-human pathway) was considered the most important exposure route to soil As and Pb. A conservative risk analysis shows that As concentrations in soil can reach 40 mu g g(-1) without a hazard to exposed organisms. A Pb concentration in soil up to 300 mu g g(-1) does not cause an excessive intake of Pb by humans as evaluated by a direct soil ingestion exposure model.