A purine nucleotide biosynthesis enzyme guanosine monophosphate reductase is a suppressor of melanoma invasion.

A purine nucleotide biosynthesis enzyme guanosine monophosphate reductase is a suppressor of melanoma invasion.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2013.09.015
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发表时间:
2013-10-31
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Nikiforov MA
Nikiforov MA
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wawrzyniak JA;Bianchi-Smiraglia A;Bshara W;Mannava S;Ackroyd J;Bagati A;Omilian AR;Im M;Fedtsova N;Miecznikowski JC;Moparthy KC;Zucker SN;Zhu Q;Kozlova NI;Berman AE;Hoek KS;Gudkov AV;Shewach DS;Morrison CD;Nikiforov MA

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黑色素瘤是最具侵袭性的人类癌症之一,其侵袭性表型的机制尚不完全清楚。在这里,我们报道了鸟苷单磷酸还原酶(GMPR)的表达,一种参与嘌呤核苷酸从头生物合成的酶,在人类黑色素瘤的侵袭期下调。功能缺失和功能获得实验显示,GMPR下调了几种gtp结合(活性)rho - gtpase的数量,抑制了黑色素瘤细胞在体外形成侵过体、降解细胞外基质和入侵的能力,并在体内作为肿瘤异种移植物生长。在机制上,我们证明GMPR部分消耗细胞内GTP池。药物抑制新生GTP生物合成抑制,而添加外源性鸟苷增加黑色素瘤细胞和其他癌症类型细胞的侵袭。我们的数据确定GMPR是黑色素瘤侵袭抑制因子,并建立了鸟苷代谢与rho - gtpase依赖性黑色素瘤细胞侵袭之间的联系。
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of human cancers, and the mechanisms underlying melanoma invasive phenotype are not completely understood. Here, we report that expression of guanosine monophosphate reductase (GMPR), an enzyme involved in de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides, was down-regulated in invasive stages of human melanoma. Loss- and gain-of-function experiments revealed that GMPR down-regulates the amounts of several GTP-bound (active) RHO-GTPases, suppresses the ability of melanoma cells to form invadopodia, degrade extracellular matrix and invade in vitro and grow as tumor xenografts in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that GMPR partially depletes intracellular GTP pools. Pharmacological inhibition of de novo GTP biosynthesis suppressed, whereas addition of exogenous guanosine increased invasion of melanoma cells as well as cells from other cancer types. Our data identified GMPR as a melanoma invasion suppressor, and established a link between guanosine metabolism and RHO-GTPase-dependent melanoma cell invasion.
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