The retention of sensory experience. V. Variation of the standard stimuli.
The retention of sensory experience. V. Variation of the standard stimuli.
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感官体验的保留。
DOI：
10.1080/00223980.1966.10543019
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发表时间：
1966
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. E. King
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. E. King
最近，研究人员通过向人类观察者提供简短的视觉或听觉标准刺激，然后要求他调整第二个可变刺激，以匹配他对前述标准的“记忆”，来探索时间流逝对简单感官体验“回忆”的影响。应用这种方法的主要结果是，对持续时间从几秒到几天或几周不等的刺激间延迟进行连续比较，发现在延长的延迟时间后，可以对标准刺激进行非常精确的匹配，只有较小的判断误差作为保持间隔长度的函数出现（1,2,3,4）。这些入门性实验所选择的标准刺激值是为了方便起见而选择的，然后保持不变，同时系统地探讨了不同间隔长度对保持的影响。由于了解不同物理值的标准刺激之间的关系以及它们在固定延迟后的匹配精度也是有用的，因此本系列实验将指向这一目标。更一般地说，目的是观察人类观察者如何很好地再现系统不同初始值的感官刺激，当问题被提出延迟匹配表现在一个以上的模态（视觉和听觉经验）和一个以上的刺激维度在每个感觉（刺激强度，频率和持续时间）。
The impact of time passage on the" recall" of simple sensory experience has been explored, recently, by presenting brief visual or auditory standard stimuli to a human observer and then asking him to adjust a second, variable stimulus to match his" memory" of the foregoing standard. The main result of applying the method, of successive comparison in this way, with interstimulus delays that vary from seconds to days or weeks in duration, has been the finding that remarkably accurate matching of the standard stimuli can be made following extended periods of delay, with only minor constant errors of judgment appearing as a function of the length of the retaining interval (1, 2, 3, 4). The standard stimulus values chosen for these introductory experiments were selected for their convenience and then held constant while the influence of varied interval-length on retaining was explored systematically. As it would also be useful to know something of the relation between standard stimuli of differing physical value-and the accuracy with which they can be matched after a fixed delay-the present series of experiments will be directed to that aim. Stated more generally, the intent will be to observe how well human observers can reproduce sensory stimuli of systematically differing initial value when the question is posed for delayed matching performance in more than one modality (visual and auditory experience) and for more than one dimension of stimulation within each sense (stimulus intensity, frequency, and duration).