Characterizing human odorant signals: insights from insect semiochemistry and in silico modelling.
Characterizing human odorant signals: insights from insect semiochemistry and in silico modelling.
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表征人类气味信号：昆虫符号化学和计算机模拟的见解。
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2019.0263
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Radadiya A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Radadiya A
与人类化学信号有关的相互作用，虽然得到广泛承认，但除了人类腋窝气味外，其化学特征相对较差。然而，昆虫广泛的化学生态学，涉及无数的信息素和其他化学信息素的鉴定，可以提供更广泛地克服表征人类来源的化学信息素的问题的见解。目前的技术用于获取昆虫化学信息素进行了讨论，特别是在有关样品的需要，尽可能密切，它们自然部署的生态情况。分析是通过色谱耦合到电生理制剂从昆虫活体的嗅觉器官。这对于人类嗅觉来说是不可行的，但是现在有潜在的方法使用分子遗传重建的嗅觉制剂已经用于昆虫系统。有具体的见解，从先进的研究吸血昆虫，其中包括涉及人类宿主的化学信息素，除了更广泛的研究农场和伴侣动物的特征人类化学信息素的价值。嗅觉中识别的精确分子特性的表征可能会导致类似物设计的新进展和一系列对人类有益的新型化学信息素。从成功的合成生物学研究中，人们对使用新型生物合成前体的昆虫化学信息素有了深刻的认识。已经，更广泛的机会，嗅觉新兴的silicosstudies，涉及一系列的理论和计算方法的分子设计和理解嗅觉系统在分子水平上，显示出研究人类semiochemistry的承诺。
Interactions relating to human chemical signalling, although widely acknowledged, are relatively poorly characterized chemically, except for human axillary odour. However, the extensive chemical ecology of insects, involving countless pheromone and other semiochemical identifications, may offer insights into overcoming problems of characterizing human-derived semiochemicals more widely. Current techniques for acquiring insect semiochemicals are discussed, particularly in relation to the need for samples to relate, as closely as possible, to the ecological situation in which they are naturally deployed. Analysis is facilitated by chromatography coupled to electrophysiological preparations from the olfactory organs of insectsin vivo. This is not feasible with human olfaction, but there are now potential approaches using molecular genetically reconstructed olfactory preparations already in use with insect systems. There are specific insights of value for characterizing human semiochemicals from advanced studies on semiochemicals of haematophagous insects, which include those involving human hosts, in addition to wider studies on farm and companion animals. The characterization of the precise molecular properties recognized in olfaction could lead to new advances in analogue design and a range of novel semiochemicals for human benefit. There are insights from successful synthetic biology studies on insect semiochemicals using novel biosynthetic precursors. Already, wider opportunities in olfaction emerging fromin silicostudies, involving a range of theoretical and computational approaches to molecular design and understanding olfactory systems at the molecular level, are showing promise for studying human semiochemistry.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Olfactory communication in humans’.