Eye contrast polarity is critical for face recognition by infants
Eye contrast polarity is critical for face recognition by infants
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2013.01.006
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Yamaguchi, Masami K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Otsuka, Yumiko;Motoyoshi, Isamu;Yamaguchi, Masami K.
就像面部有着相同的基本特征排列，即两个眼睛在鼻子上方，一个嘴巴在鼻子上方，人类的眼睛也有着相同的基本对比极性关系，即巩膜比虹膜和瞳孔亮，这在灵长类动物中是独一无二的。目前的研究检查了巩膜与虹膜的这种亮暗关系是否在发育早期的面部识别中起着关键作用。具体来说，我们测试了7个月和8个月大的婴儿的面孔辨别能力，同时独立操纵眼睛区域和面部其他区域的对比极性。这给出了四种面部对比度极性条件：完全正性条件、完全负性条件、正性面部与负性眼睛（“负性眼睛”）条件和负性面部与正性眼睛（“正性眼睛”）条件。在熟悉和新奇偏好程序中，我们发现7个月和8个月大的婴儿只有在眼睛的对比极性被保留（正）时才能区分面孔，而这并不取决于面部其他部分的对比极性。这证明了眼睛对比度极性对7个月和8个月大的婴儿面部识别的关键作用，并且与之前对成人的研究结果一致。(C)2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Just as faces share the same basic arrangement of features, with two eyes above a nose above a mouth, human eyes all share the same basic contrast polarity relations, with a sclera lighter than an iris and a pupil, and this is unique among primates. The current study examined whether this bright dark relationship of sclera to iris plays a critical role in face recognition from early in development. Specifically, we tested face discrimination in 7- and 8-month-old infants while independently manipulating the contrast polarity of the eye region and of the rest of the face. This gave four face contrast polarity conditions: fully positive condition, fully negative condition, positive face with negated eyes ("negative eyes") condition, and negated face with positive eyes ("positive eyes") condition. In a familiarization and novelty preference procedure, we found that 7- and 8-month-olds could discriminate between faces only when the contrast polarity of the eyes was preserved (positive) and that this did not depend on the contrast polarity of the rest of the face. This demonstrates the critical role of eye contrast polarity for face recognition in 7- and 8-month-olds and is consistent with previous findings for adults. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.