The interplay between microbiota and inflammation: lessons from peritonitis and sepsis.
The interplay between microbiota and inflammation: lessons from peritonitis and sepsis.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/cti.2016.32
复制
发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Oliveira AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lobo LA;Benjamim CF;Oliveira AC
哺乳动物拥有复杂的肠道相关微生物群，包括为宿主提供免疫、代谢和神经益处的细菌，并有助于它们的健康。然而，微生物群组成失调（称为生态失调）以及相关的粘膜免疫反应在许多炎症性疾病的发病机制中起关键作用，包括炎症性肠病（IBDs）、1型和2型糖尿病、哮喘、多发性硬化症等。此外，在肠腔外，来自微生物群的细菌是腹膜炎症、腹腔脓毒症和全身脓毒症的病原体。重症监护干预在败血症期间的抗生素诱导生态失调和目前的急性和长期预后不良。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了微生物分子和产物的免疫调节作用，重点介绍了脆弱拟杆菌（Bacteroides fragilis）的作用，这是一种与宿主相互作用不明确的人类共生菌。此外，我们还讨论了抗生素治疗对败血症结果的影响，并讨论了微生物群调节的新见解。
Mammals harbor a complex gut-associated microbiota, comprising bacteria that provide immunological, metabolic and neurological benefits to the host, and contribute to their well-being. However, dysregulation of the microbiota composition, known as dysbiosis, along with the associated mucosal immune response have a key role in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), type 1 and type 2 diabetes, asthma, multiple sclerosis, among others. In addition, outside the gut lumen, bacteria from microbiota are the causative agent of peritoneal inflammation, abdominal sepsis and systemic sepsis. Critical care interventions during sepsis by antibiotics induce dysbiosis and present acute and long-term poor prognosis. In this review, we discuss immunomodulatory effects of the microbial molecules and products, highlighting the role of Bacteroides fragilis, a human commensal with ambiguous interactions with the host. Moreover, we also address the impact of antibiotic treatment in sepsis outcome and discuss new insights for microbiota modulation.